A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. What is the most important aspect of teaching the nurse should focus on?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, proper administration of insulin, because it is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes. Insulin is essential for regulating blood sugar levels in type 1 diabetes patients. Without proper insulin administration, the client's condition can deteriorate rapidly. Regular exercise (A) and a low-carbohydrate diet (C) are important aspects of diabetes management, but they are not as critical as ensuring proper insulin administration. Recognizing signs of hyperglycemia (D) is important, but knowing how to administer insulin correctly takes precedence in effectively managing type 1 diabetes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate communication technique for a client with Alzheimer's disease is using simple and direct statements (Choice C). This approach is effective because it helps reduce confusion and enhances understanding for individuals with cognitive impairment. Complex explanations (Choice A) may overwhelm the client. Speaking loudly (Choice B) can be perceived as aggressive or intimidating. Offering multiple choices (Choice D) may lead to decision-making difficulties. Therefore, Choice C is the best option for clear and effective communication with Alzheimer's clients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Expect the medication to take several weeks to reach full effectiveness. This is because carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) is a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease by increasing dopamine levels in the brain. It takes time for the medication to build up in the system and reach its full therapeutic effect. Choice A is incorrect because it is recommended to take carbidopa-levodopa with a high-protein meal to help reduce potential gastrointestinal side effects. Choice C is incorrect as the medication does not typically cause urine discoloration. Choice D is incorrect as a rapid heartbeat is not a common side effect of carbidopa-levodopa. In summary, choice B is correct because it aligns with the pharmacokinetics of the medication, while the other choices are not consistent with the usual effects and recommendations for carbidopa-levodopa.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serum potassium. In acute renal failure, impaired kidney function can lead to electrolyte imbalances, especially hyperkalemia which can be life-threatening. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent cardiac complications. Serum sodium (A) may be altered, but potassium is more critical. Serum calcium (C) and chloride (D) levels are important but not as directly impacted in acute renal failure compared to potassium.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Check the surgical site for bleeding. This is the first action the nurse should take as a sudden drop in blood pressure postoperatively could indicate internal bleeding, a common complication after abdominal surgery. By assessing the surgical site for bleeding, the nurse can identify and address the source of the hypotension promptly. Administering IV fluids (choice A) may be necessary but should come after determining the cause. Placing the client in Trendelenburg position (choice C) is not recommended as it can worsen venous return and increase intracranial pressure. Notifying the healthcare provider (choice D) should be done after the nurse has assessed the situation and taken immediate action.