ATI RN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client was exposed to anthrax. Which of the following antibiotics should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ciprofloxacin. Anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, and ciprofloxacin is the recommended antibiotic for treating anthrax due to its effectiveness against this specific bacterium. Ciprofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA replication, thus stopping the growth and spread of the anthrax bacteria. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Fluconazole is an antifungal medication and is not effective against bacterial infections like anthrax. C: Tobramycin is an antibiotic primarily used to treat bacterial infections in the eyes, ears, and skin, but it is not the first-line treatment for anthrax. D: Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections, but it is not the preferred choice for anthrax treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A client is vomiting. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to prevent the client from aspirating. Aspiration is a serious risk when a client is vomiting as it can lead to respiratory complications. The nurse should position the client on their side to prevent aspiration of vomitus into the airway. This immediate action takes priority over providing an emesis basin, notifying housekeeping, or administering an antiemetic, which do not address the urgent need to prevent aspiration.
Question 3 of 5
Which action should the nurse take to reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a client with an endotracheal tube receiving mechanical ventilation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Brush the client's teeth with a suction toothbrush every 12 hours. This is crucial in reducing the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia as it helps prevent the buildup of bacteria in the oral cavity, which can be aspirated into the lungs. Brushing the teeth regularly maintains oral hygiene, decreasing the chances of infection. A: Positioning the head of the client's bed flat can increase the risk of aspiration and pneumonia. B: Turning the client every 4 hours is important for preventing pressure ulcers but does not directly reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia. D: Providing humidity within the ventilator tubing is important for preventing mucous plugs but does not directly address oral hygiene, which is key in preventing pneumonia.
Question 4 of 5
A healthcare provider is preparing to admit a client to the PACU who received a competitive neuromuscular blocking agent. Which of the following items should the provider place at the client's bedside?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bag valve mask device. In the PACU, a client who received a competitive neuromuscular blocking agent may have impaired respiratory function. Placing a bag valve mask device at the bedside is crucial for providing immediate respiratory support if needed. This device allows manual ventilation in case of respiratory distress. Summary: - Choice B: Defibrillator machine is not necessary for a client receiving a competitive neuromuscular blocking agent. - Choice C: Chest tube equipment is not typically needed for this situation. - Choice D: Central venous catheter tray is not directly related to the respiratory support required for a client with impaired respiratory function.
Question 5 of 5
A client with tuberculosis is starting medication therapy with isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: Taking pyrazinamide on an empty stomach can cause stomach upset. Drinking water helps prevent this. A: Isoniazid should be taken on an empty stomach, not with an antacid. B: Sputum specimens are usually collected at the beginning of treatment, not every 2 weeks. C: Negative sputum cultures might not be achieved until later in treatment, not after 6 months.