A nurse is caring for a client who states, 'I have no interest in sexual activity or finding a partner.' The nurse should identify that this statement is consistent with which of the following personality disorders?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C) Schizoid personality disorder. The key characteristic of schizoid personality disorder is a lack of interest in social relationships, including sexual activity and close interpersonal connections. Individuals with this disorder tend to be loners who prefer solitary activities and often feel little desire for intimacy or sexual experiences. Option A) Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for the rights of others and often involves impulsive and aggressive behavior, rather than a lack of interest in relationships. Option B) Paranoid personality disorder involves pervasive mistrust and suspicion of others, which is not directly related to the lack of interest in sexual activity mentioned in the scenario. Option D) Schizotypal personality disorder is characterized by eccentric behavior, odd beliefs, and difficulties in forming close relationships, but it does not specifically align with the lack of interest in sexual activity described in the question. From an educational perspective, understanding personality disorders is crucial for nurses to provide effective care and support to clients. Recognizing the specific traits and behaviors associated with each disorder helps nurses tailor their interventions and approach to meet the unique needs of individuals with these conditions. In this case, identifying the lack of interest in sexual activity as a characteristic of schizoid personality disorder can guide the nurse in providing appropriate care and support for the client's emotional and social well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A) "I have lost 15 pounds! I just don't want to eat lately." This statement indicates a potential substance use disorder because weight loss and loss of appetite are common symptoms of substance abuse, particularly alcohol. This change in eating habits, coupled with the client's reported frequent social use of alcohol and negative consequences at work due to drinking, raises concern for a substance use disorder. Option B) "I am so focused right now. I have a lot of goals." is incorrect because it does not directly relate to the symptoms or consequences of a substance use disorder. While substance use can sometimes lead to increased focus or euphoria initially, this statement does not align with the typical signs of a problem. Option C) repeats the same statement as option A) and is incorrect due to this repetition. Option D) "I am taking art lessons to relieve stress." is incorrect as it suggests a healthy coping mechanism for stress. While individuals with substance use disorders may use substances to cope with stress, engaging in positive activities like art lessons is not indicative of a substance use disorder. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers, including nurses, to be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of substance use disorders in their clients. Understanding these cues can help in early intervention, appropriate referrals, and providing support for individuals struggling with substance abuse issues. It is essential for nurses to approach these situations with empathy, understanding, and evidence-based interventions to promote the health and well-being of their clients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In Alzheimer's disease, the terminal phase is characterized by a progressive decline in physical and cognitive abilities. Option A, "Unable to sit up," is the correct answer because clients in the terminal phase of Alzheimer's often experience severe physical deterioration, leading to difficulty in basic functions like sitting up. Option B, "Requires cueing to eat," is incorrect as it may be a symptom in earlier stages but is not specific to the terminal phase. Option C, "Speech degrades to a few words," is also incorrect as speech deterioration is common in Alzheimer's but not necessarily indicative of the terminal phase. Option D, "Needs assistance with finances," is not specific to the terminal phase and can be a symptom in earlier stages as well. Educationally, understanding the progression of Alzheimer's disease is crucial for nurses caring for affected individuals. Recognizing the signs and symptoms specific to each phase helps in providing appropriate and compassionate care tailored to the client's needs. In the terminal phase, the focus shifts to comfort care and symptom management, making it essential for nurses to anticipate and address the unique challenges faced by these clients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of behavioral nursing and mental health care, a patient should be considered for involuntary commitment when they exhibit behaviors that pose a serious risk to themselves or others. Threatening to harm oneself or others (Option C) is a clear indication of imminent danger and justifies the need for involuntary commitment to ensure safety and provide necessary treatment. Option A, nonadherence to treatment, while concerning, does not necessarily warrant involuntary commitment as it may require a different approach to address the underlying issues and improve treatment compliance. Option B, selling and distributing illegal drugs, is a criminal behavior that should be addressed through legal channels rather than involuntary commitment for psychiatric care. Option D, fraudulent bankruptcy filing, is a financial issue that does not directly relate to the need for immediate psychiatric intervention. In an educational context, understanding the criteria for involuntary commitment is crucial for behavioral health professionals to make informed and ethical decisions when dealing with patients who may pose a risk to themselves or others. This knowledge helps ensure the safety and well-being of patients and the community while respecting the rights and autonomy of individuals receiving mental health care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Go to the nearest emergency department immediately. This patient is experiencing symptoms of antidepressant withdrawal, known as discontinuation syndrome. Amitriptyline, as a tricyclic antidepressant, can cause withdrawal symptoms if stopped abruptly after long-term use. The patient's symptoms of cold sweats, nausea, rapid heartbeat, and nightmares are indicative of withdrawal and require immediate medical attention to manage potential complications. Option B is incorrect as it trivializes the situation and does not address the severity of the symptoms. Taking aspirin and fluids will not alleviate withdrawal symptoms. Option C is incorrect because restarting the antidepressant without medical guidance can be dangerous and may not address the immediate symptoms effectively. The patient needs urgent evaluation by a healthcare provider. Option D is incorrect as it advises the patient to resume and then discontinue the medication again without medical supervision. This approach can worsen withdrawal symptoms and is not a recommended practice in managing antidepressant withdrawal. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of understanding and managing antidepressant withdrawal symptoms. Nurses need to be vigilant in recognizing such symptoms and providing appropriate guidance to patients to ensure their safety and well-being. Immediate medical attention is crucial in such situations to prevent complications and provide necessary support to the patient.