A nurse is caring for a client who sprained his left ankle 12 hours ago. Which of the following prescriptions given by the provider should the nurse clarify?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because applying heat to a sprained ankle within the first 48 hours can increase swelling and inflammation. This can delay the healing process and worsen the injury. The other choices are appropriate for caring for a sprained ankle. A: Elevating the extremity helps reduce swelling. C: Compression dressing helps support the ankle and reduce swelling. D: Regular assessments ensure proper circulation and monitor for complications. In summary, option B is incorrect as it goes against the principle of managing a sprained ankle in the initial phase.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Homeless individuals often face extreme stressors like lack of shelter, food, and safety. Step 2: Coping mechanisms are crucial for survival in such challenging conditions. Step 3: Resiliency refers to the ability to adapt and thrive despite adversity. Step 4: Therefore, the correct choice is C, as coping with extreme stressors demonstrates resiliency. Summary: A is incorrect because strong community supports may not always be available. B is incorrect since homeless individuals may not have access to family resources. D is incorrect as local governmental intervention may not directly impact individual resiliency.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The least appropriate action for the nurse is to provide false reassurance that everything will be okay. This can invalidate the patient's feelings and minimize the severity of their crisis. It's crucial for the nurse to acknowledge the patient's emotions and provide support without making unrealistic promises. Supporting cultural beliefs (A) and clarifying misconceptions (D) are important for effective communication. Encouraging the patient to focus on one aspect at a time (B) can help in breaking down overwhelming situations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mental illness in an individual was the result of being possessed by demons. During the medieval period, mental illness was often attributed to supernatural causes like demons. This belief led to practices such as exorcisms to 'cure' the person. This answer is correct as it highlights a common belief about mental illness during that time. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: A person was removed from a contaminated environment to protect him or her - This choice does not align with the historical perspective of mental health care during the medieval period. C: Exorcisms were used as the primary mode of treatment to cleanse the person of his or her sins - While exorcisms were used, the primary belief was that mental illness was caused by demons, not necessarily sins. D: The focus was on moral treatment to promote the individual's safety and comfort - Moral treatment was a later development in mental health care, not a common belief in the medieval period.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Smoking. The nurse would be least likely to identify smoking as a factor related to suicide because smoking is not directly linked to suicidal behavior. Poor self-rated health, low education, and drug use are all known risk factors for suicide, as they can contribute to feelings of hopelessness, isolation, and coping difficulties. Smoking, while harmful to physical health, is not typically considered a direct risk factor for suicide. Therefore, the nurse would focus more on exploring the other options to assess the woman's risk for suicide.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because providing culturally competent care involves identifying strategies that align with the patient's cultural context. This includes understanding the patient's beliefs, values, and practices to deliver care that is respectful and effective. Choice A focuses on interpretation rather than action. Choice B involves assumptions about individual perceptions. Choice C is about reducing ethnocentrism, which may not be the primary goal of cultural competence.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because expressing confusion or disbelief about the death of a loved one indicates unresolved grief. A: Remembering positive memories shows acceptance. B: Engaging in new activities indicates coping and moving forward. C: Acknowledging negative traits is part of the grief process. Overall, D stands out as it shows lack of acceptance and understanding of the loss.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Atonia in REM sleep limits physical movements to prevent acting out dreams and potential physical harm. This is essential for safety during sleep. Myoclonic twitches are natural muscle contractions and do not serve a protective function. Nightmares can still occur during REM sleep despite atonia. Atonia does not directly enhance the dream state or regulate the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, choice A is correct as it aligns with the protective mechanism of atonia in REM sleep.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: When do you not feel depressed? In Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, the focus is on identifying exceptions to the problem rather than exploring the problem itself. The nurse asking about when the patient does not feel depressed helps to highlight moments when the patient's depression is not as prevalent, allowing them to identify coping strategies and potential solutions. Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on the onset of depression rather than the exceptions. Choice C is incorrect as it delves into the contributing factors of depression rather than identifying moments of respite. Choice D is incorrect because it focuses on the conditions for feeling depressed rather than exploring when the depression is not present.