A nurse is caring for a client who reports spending 12 hr daily playing video games online. The client has spent a significant amount of money betting on these games. They lost their job due to missed work, and they filed for bankruptcy because of their gambling debts. Their partner was supporting them financially until the partner left the client out of frustration with their behavior. Which of the following manifestations of non-substance addiction is characteristic of the client's behavior?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) They compulsively act on the urge to continue internet gaming and gambling even though they suffered negative consequences. This behavior is characteristic of a non-substance addiction, where the individual continues engaging in the activity despite experiencing severe negative outcomes like financial ruin and relationship breakdown. This exemplifies a lack of control and the presence of a compulsive behavior pattern. Option A is incorrect because filing for bankruptcy due to debts and job loss is a consequence of the addiction, not a manifestation of the addiction itself. Option B is incorrect as it describes a lack of emotional response, not the compulsive behavior seen in addiction. Option D is incorrect as being depressed is a potential consequence of the addiction but not a defining characteristic of the addiction itself. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing non-substance addictions and understanding the behaviors and consequences associated with them. It also emphasizes the need for intervention and support for individuals struggling with such addictive behaviors to prevent further harm.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D, "It is recommended that you receive follow-up care from a mental health provider after you are discharged," is the correct response. This answer is appropriate because individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder often require ongoing mental health support and specialized therapy to manage their symptoms effectively. Following up with a mental health provider ensures continuity of care, tailored interventions, and monitoring of the client's progress. Option A, "You have made such great progress here. I can see why you feel so well," is incorrect because it fails to address the importance of ongoing mental health care for someone with a new diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. While acknowledging progress is beneficial, it does not provide guidance on the necessary follow-up care. Option B, "Since you have such a good relationship with your family practice provider, you do not need to see a mental health provider," is incorrect because managing borderline personality disorder typically requires specialized mental health interventions that may not be within the scope of a family practice provider. Referral to a mental health professional is crucial for comprehensive care. Option C, "You should follow up with your regular doctor in the next few months so they can manage your new diagnosis," is also incorrect as it suggests that a regular doctor can manage borderline personality disorder, which is typically beyond their expertise. Collaborating with mental health providers is essential in addressing the complex needs of individuals with this diagnosis. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of appropriate referrals and follow-up care in mental health nursing practice. Understanding the specific needs of clients with different mental health diagnoses and advocating for their holistic care can significantly impact their outcomes and well-being. It underscores the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration and specialized interventions in addressing complex mental health conditions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Clients are powerless over addiction, and it can only be overcome through belief in a higher power. This principle is foundational to the 12-step programs of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA). These self-help groups emphasize surrendering to a higher power to find strength in recovery. This approach helps individuals recognize the limits of their own control and fosters humility and acceptance, key components in overcoming addiction. Option A is incorrect because self-reliance is not the focus of AA and NA. Option C is incorrect as it suggests transferring control to another person, which is not the essence of these self-help groups. Option D is incorrect as it promotes a deterministic view of substance use disorders, which goes against the empowering and hopeful approach of AA and NA. Educationally, understanding the principles of AA and NA is crucial for healthcare professionals working with individuals struggling with addiction. It highlights the importance of spiritual and emotional aspects in recovery, encouraging empathy, support, and a holistic approach to addressing substance use disorders.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Parkinson's disease. Levodopa is a medication commonly prescribed for Parkinson's disease to help manage its symptoms. It works by increasing dopamine levels in the brain, which is crucial in Parkinson's treatment due to dopamine deficiency in the brain associated with this disease. Option A) Vascular disease is incorrect because it is not typically treated with levodopa. Vascular dementia is caused by reduced blood flow to the brain, leading to cognitive decline. Option B) HIV infection is also incorrect as it is a viral infection that affects the immune system, not directly related to levodopa treatment or symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Option D) Prion disease is incorrect as well. Prion diseases are a group of rare, fatal brain diseases caused by abnormal proteins, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and are not typically treated with levodopa. In an educational context, understanding the relationship between specific medications and the conditions they treat is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Recognizing the medication's purpose and its implications for the client's condition is essential for accurate assessment and intervention in clinical practice, especially when dealing with complex conditions like dementia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Justice. In this scenario, justice is the ethical principle that most clearly applies. Justice in healthcare ethics refers to the fair distribution of resources and the equitable treatment of all individuals. The nurse's concern about using restraint for one patient while providing one-on-one supervision for another patient highlights the issue of fairness and equity in care delivery. Option A) Beneficence, focuses on doing good and promoting the well-being of patients. While using restraint may be viewed as a way to prevent harm, the issue at hand is more about fairness and justice in resource allocation. Option B) Autonomy, pertains to respecting patients' rights to make their own decisions about their care. Although autonomy is an important ethical principle, it is not the primary concern in this situation. Option C) Fidelity, relates to being faithful to commitments and agreements made with patients. While fidelity is crucial in building trust with patients, it is not the central ethical principle at play in the nurse's dilemma. Educationally, understanding the ethical principles in nursing is vital for making sound clinical decisions and providing ethical care. Nurses must navigate complex ethical dilemmas like the one presented in this question to ensure that their practice upholds the principles of justice, beneficence, autonomy, and fidelity. This scenario underscores the importance of considering fairness and equity in healthcare decision-making processes.