A nurse is caring for a client who is taking filgrastim to treat neutropenia. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Enlarged spleen. Filgrastim stimulates the production of neutrophils, which can lead to splenomegaly as the spleen stores a large number of these cells. This can cause symptoms such as abdominal discomfort or fullness. Dusky nail beds (A), petechiae (B), and swollen calf (D) are not typically associated with filgrastim therapy and are more likely related to other conditions or medications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Normocytic normochromic anemia is characterized by normal-sized red blood cells with normal hemoglobin content. Pregnancy is associated with increased blood volume and physiological hemodilution, leading to normocytic normochromic anemia. Iron deficiency (choice A) typically presents as microcytic hypochromic anemia. Primaquine (choice B) is associated with hemolytic anemia. Sickle cell disease (choice D) is characterized by sickle-shaped red blood cells and is associated with hemolytic anemia, making it different from normocytic normochromic anemia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In microcytic hypochromic anemia, red cells are smaller with decreased hemoglobin content, leading to pale appearance. Choice D is correct as it describes the typical characteristics of microcytic hypochromic anemia. Choice A is incorrect as red cells are smaller, not larger. Choice B is incorrect as red blood cell count is usually decreased. Choice C is incorrect as both hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin are decreased in microcytic hypochromic anemia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Platelets are responsible for clot formation in the body. When a wound occurs, platelets are activated and adhere to the site, forming a plug to stop bleeding. They release chemicals to further enhance clot formation. Plasma is the liquid component of blood, red blood cells carry oxygen, and white blood cells are part of the immune system, none of which are directly involved in clot formation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contains clotting factors. Plasma contains essential clotting factors like fibrinogen, Factor VIII, and others that are necessary for blood clotting in patients with bleeding disorders. This infusion helps improve the patient's ability to form blood clots and control bleeding. B: Plasma does not carry oxygen to tissues; that is the role of red blood cells. C: Plasma does not directly support cellular metabolism; that is the function of nutrients. D: Plasma does not remove waste products from cells; that is the role of the kidneys and liver.