A nurse is caring for a client who is taking ferrous sulfate to treat iron deficiency anemia and develops iron toxicity. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to use to treat this complication?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Deferoxamine. Deferoxamine is a chelating agent used to treat iron toxicity by binding with excess iron in the body and promoting its elimination through urine or feces. It is the specific antidote for iron poisoning. Flumazenil (A) is used to reverse benzodiazepine overdose, acetylcysteine (B) is used to treat acetaminophen overdose, and naloxone (C) is used to reverse opioid overdose. These drugs are not appropriate for treating iron toxicity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Palmer pallor. Pallor refers to paleness of the skin, and Palmer pallor specifically refers to paleness of the palms. In the context of anaemia, a common symptom is pallor due to decreased red blood cells and oxygen-carrying capacity. Insomnia (choice A), fever (choice C), and angina (choice D) are not typically associated with anaemia. Insomnia is a sleep disorder, fever indicates an infection or inflammation, and angina is chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart. So, Palmer pallor is the most relevant sign to indicate anaemia among the given choices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stuart Prower factor, also known as Factor X. This is a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor because vitamin K is essential for the post-translational modification of certain glutamate residues on coagulation factors, including Factor X. Vitamin K helps these factors bind to calcium ions, which is necessary for their proper function in the coagulation cascade. Thromboplastin (A), also known as tissue factor, is not a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor. Hageman factor (C), also known as Factor XII, and Proaccelerin (D), also known as Factor V, are not vitamin K-dependent factors either.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Jaundice. Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood, which can occur when red blood cells are being destroyed rapidly. Bilirubin is a byproduct of the breakdown of red blood cells. Therefore, the presence of jaundice indicates excessive red blood cell destruction. Summary: - B: Bleeding is not directly related to the destruction of red blood cells. - C: Diarrhea does not typically indicate red blood cell destruction. - D: Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen, not directly linked to red blood cell destruction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Observe for bleeding. After a bone marrow biopsy, the most crucial nursing action is monitoring for bleeding, as this procedure can cause significant bleeding due to the penetration of bone. It is essential to assess for any signs of bleeding such as increased pain, swelling, bruising, or hematoma formation. Prompt identification and management of bleeding are vital to prevent complications such as hematoma formation or hemorrhage. Encouraging oral fluids (B) and administering analgesics (C) are important but not as critical as monitoring for bleeding. Monitoring the puncture site for infection (D) is also important but is a secondary concern compared to assessing for bleeding immediately post-procedure.