A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an outpatient surgical procedure and reports taking aspirin 81 mg daily, including this morning. The nurse should identify that this places the client at risk for which of the following complications?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication that inhibits platelet aggregation, increasing the risk of uncontrolled bleeding during surgical procedures. By taking aspirin, the client's blood clotting ability is impaired, leading to potential excessive bleeding during and after surgery. This can result in complications such as prolonged bleeding, hematoma formation, and delayed wound healing. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Uncontrolled bleeding. Summary: - B: Myocardial infarction is not directly related to taking aspirin; it is actually used to prevent heart attacks. - C: Respiratory depression is not a common complication associated with aspirin use. - D: Decreased renal perfusion is not a typical risk of taking aspirin; it primarily affects the cardiovascular system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Epoetin is a medication used to stimulate red blood cell production in patients with renal failure. One of the potential adverse effects of epoetin therapy is an increase in blood pressure due to the rapid rise in red blood cell count. This can lead to hypertension. Monitoring for hypertension is crucial to prevent any complications. The other choices, muscle pain, edema, and dry mouth, are not directly associated with epoetin therapy in renal failure patients. Muscle pain could be a general issue but not specific to this medication. Edema is more commonly associated with fluid retention in renal failure, and dry mouth is not a typical adverse effect of epoetin therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: 1. In cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.6, proteins migrate based on their net charge. 2. Haemoglobin A migrates furthest to the anode as it has the highest net negative charge among the options. 3. Haemoglobin D, A2, and S have different charges compared to Haemoglobin A. 4. Haemoglobin D and A2 have lower net negative charges, so they migrate less than Haemoglobin A. 5. Haemoglobin S has a different charge distribution due to a mutation, causing it to migrate differently than Haemoglobin A.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: A low mean corpuscular volume. In iron deficiency anemia, there is a decreased amount of iron available for hemoglobin synthesis, leading to smaller and paler red blood cells. This results in a low mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Atrophic gastritis (choice A) is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, not iron deficiency anemia. Choice C (reduced total iron binding capacity) is incorrect because in iron deficiency anemia, there is an increased total iron binding capacity due to the body's attempt to capture more iron. Megaloblastic changes in the bone marrow (choice D) are seen in megaloblastic anemia, not iron deficiency anemia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Posterior iliac crest. A bone marrow biopsy is commonly performed at the posterior iliac crest because it provides easy access to the bone marrow. This site has a high concentration of red bone marrow, making it an ideal location for obtaining a bone marrow specimen. The iliac crest is also a flat and easily accessible surface, which allows for safe and efficient insertion of the biopsy needle. Ribs (A) are not typically used due to the risk of puncturing the lungs. The humerus (B) is not a common site for bone marrow biopsy. Long bones in the legs (D) are not typically used due to the difficulty in accessing the bone marrow at those sites.