ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an outpatient surgical procedure and reports taking aspirin 81 mg daily, including this morning. The nurse should identify that this places the client at risk for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uncontrolled bleeding. Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication that inhibits platelet aggregation, leading to decreased clotting ability. This places the client at risk for uncontrolled bleeding during and after surgery. Myocardial infarction (B) is not directly associated with aspirin use. Respiratory depression (C) is not a common complication of aspirin. Decreased renal perfusion (D) is not a typical complication of aspirin use.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has renal failure and is receiving epoetin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Epoetin stimulates red blood cell production, increasing blood volume and potentially leading to hypertension. This adverse effect is known as hypertensive crisis. Muscle pain (B), edema (C), and dry mouth (D) are not typically associated with epoetin therapy for renal failure. Thus, they are incorrect choices.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following moves furthest to the anode on cellulose acetate electrophoresis of normal haemoglobin at pH 8.6?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Haemoglobin A. In cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.6, haemoglobin A moves furthest towards the anode because it has the highest net negative charge among the normal haemoglobins. This is due to the high number of negatively charged amino acids in haemoglobin A compared to the other normal haemoglobins. Haemoglobin D, A2, and S have different amino acid sequences and charge distributions, resulting in them migrating at different rates. Haemoglobin D and A2 are minor components with lower net negative charge compared to A. Haemoglobin S, on the other hand, has a different charge distribution due to the substitution of glutamic acid with valine in the beta chain, causing it to migrate differently than haemoglobin A.
Question 4 of 5
In iron deficiency anemia there is characteristically
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Iron deficiency leads to decreased hemoglobin synthesis, resulting in smaller red blood cells. 2. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) measures the average size of red blood cells. 3. In iron deficiency anemia, MCV is low due to the smaller red blood cells. 4. Therefore, choice B is correct as it reflects the characteristic feature of iron deficiency anemia. Summary: A: Atrophic gastritis is seen in pernicious anemia, not iron deficiency anemia. C: Total iron binding capacity is increased, not reduced, in iron deficiency anemia. D: Megaloblastic changes in the bone marrow are seen in megaloblastic anemias, not iron deficiency anemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assist with a bone marrow biopsy. Which anatomical site should the nurse anticipate will be used to obtain the specimen?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Posterior iliac crest. This site is commonly used for bone marrow biopsies due to its accessibility and abundance of red bone marrow. The iliac crest is a flat bone, making it easier to access for the procedure compared to the round shape of other bones listed. Ribs (A) are not commonly used due to the risk of pneumothorax. The humerus (B) is not an ideal site as it contains mostly yellow bone marrow. Long bones in the legs (D) are not typically used for bone marrow biopsies due to the difficulty in accessing and the higher risk of complications.