A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The nurse notices that the solution bag is almost empty and there is not another bag of TPN to administer. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse administer until the next bag of TPN solution is available?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 10% dextrose in water (D10W). When a TPN bag is almost empty, abruptly stopping it can lead to hypoglycemia. Administering D10W provides a temporary source of glucose to prevent this. D10W is a hypertonic solution that delivers a high concentration of dextrose for energy. Option B (0.45% NaCl) is hypotonic and lacks the necessary glucose content. Option C (Lactated Ringer's solution) does not contain glucose, and option D (D5LR) contains lactate, which may not be suitable for all patients. Administering D10W is the most appropriate choice to prevent hypoglycemia until the next bag of TPN is available.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chronic low self-esteem. In anorexia nervosa, individuals often have distorted body image and low self-esteem, which contributes to their disordered eating behavior. By addressing the nursing diagnosis of chronic low self-esteem, the nurse can focus on interventions to help improve the client's self-worth and body image perception. A: Hopelessness may be present in anorexia nervosa but chronic low self-esteem is more directly related to the disorder. B: Powerlessness is not the primary nursing diagnosis in anorexia nervosa; it may be a secondary issue. D: Deficient knowledge is not the main nursing diagnosis in anorexia nervosa; clients generally have knowledge about their condition but struggle with self-image and self-esteem.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. The enteric nervous system can autonomously regulate digestive functions locally without input from the central nervous system. 2. Enteric sensory and motor neurons are key components of the enteric nervous system, responsible for detecting stimuli and coordinating gut movements. 3. Enteric interneurons play a crucial role in connecting sensory and motor neurons within the enteric nervous system. 4. Choice D is false because the enteric neurons are capable of controlling digestive tract functions independently from the central nervous system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: mesentery proper. The mesentery proper consists of two layers of serous membranes with a thin layer of connective tissue between them, and it attaches to the small intestine. This structure provides support and allows for movement of the small intestine. A: The lesser omentum attaches the stomach to the liver, not the small intestine. C: The greater omentum is a large apron-like structure that hangs down from the stomach and covers the intestines, but it does not specifically attach to the small intestine. D: The falciform ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall, not the small intestine.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: pulp cavity; root canal. The pulp cavity is the center of the tooth filled with blood vessels and nerves, while the root canal is the cavity within the root of the tooth. This is because the pulp cavity contains the pulp tissue, which includes blood vessels and nerves, providing nourishment and sensation to the tooth. The root canal, on the other hand, is the space within the root where the pulp tissue extends down into. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the specific structures mentioned in the question.