ATI RN
Quizlet ATI Pharmacology Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (Flexeril) for the treatment of muscle spasm. Which of the following medical conditions is contraindicated with the use of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyclobenzaprine, a muscle relaxant, has anticholinergic effects that can exacerbate angle-closure glaucoma by increasing intraocular pressure. It is contraindicated in patients with this condition. While it may cause dry mouth or urinary retention, it is not specifically contraindicated in diabetes, emphysema, or urinary tract infections. The anticholinergic properties of cyclobenzaprine make it unsuitable for patients with angle-closure glaucoma.
Question 2 of 5
A 28-year-old woman is admitted with suspected urinary sepsis (temperature 40.2°C, BP 84/50, pulse 128). She had a massive haemorrhage following the birth of her only child when she was aged 24; since then she has had no periods. Her partner says that she has been progressively listless and depressed for at least two years. There is left loin tenderness and she has no pubic or axillary hair. Which of the following would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sepsis (fever, hypotension) with post-partum hemorrhage history, amenorrhea, fatigue, and hair loss suggest Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary necrosis) causing adrenal insufficiency. Oral amoxicillin is inadequate for septic shock. IV hydrocortisone treats acute adrenal crisis, stabilizing BP and stress response, most appropriate here alongside antibiotics. Pelvic exam doesn't address urgency. Gonadotrophins or triiodothyronine target secondary issues, not immediate crisis. Hydrocortisone's rapid action is life-saving, addressing cortisol deficiency in this emergency.
Question 3 of 5
A hospital nurse is taking imipramine for a phobic anxiety disorder, and her patient is being treated with chlorpromazine for a psychotic disorder. Which of the following adverse effects is likely to occur in both of these individuals?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Imipramine (TCA) and chlorpromazine (antipsychotic) share anticholinergic and alpha-adrenergic blocking properties. Orthostatic hypotension arises from alpha-1 receptor blockade, causing vasodilation and blood pressure drops upon standing, a common effect in both drugs, impacting patients and users alike. Excessive salivation and pupillary constriction (miosis) are cholinergic effects, opposite to their anticholinergic actions (dry mouth, mydriasis). Seizure threshold decreases with both, but this isn't an ‘adverse effect' per se—it's a risk. Weight loss isn't typical; TCAs and antipsychotics often cause gain. The shared alpha-blockade mechanism makes orthostatic hypotension a frequent, clinically significant side effect in both individuals, requiring caution in mobility and monitoring.
Question 4 of 5
The physician has prescribed sertraline (Zoloft) for the patient who is anxious and depressed. The patient calls the nurse to report that he has experienced delayed ejaculation since being on this medication. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sertraline, an SSRI, often causes sexual dysfunction like delayed ejaculation due to serotonin elevation. Reporting this to the doctor allows dose adjustment or switching (e.g., to bupropion), addressing quality of life. Choice B minimizes the issue, risking noncompliance. Choice C assumes suicide risk without basis. Choice D falsely promises resolution. A advocates for the patient, ensuring tailored care, making it the best response.
Question 5 of 5
When monitoring a patient for signs of hypokalemia, the nurse looks for what early sign?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: One of the early signs of hypokalemia is muscle weakness. Potassium plays a crucial role in maintaining normal muscle function, including the contraction of skeletal and smooth muscles. A deficiency in potassium can lead to muscle weakness, cramping, and fatigue. It is important for the nurse to monitor any signs of muscle weakness in a patient at risk for hypokalemia as it can progress to more severe complications if left untreated. Seizures and cardiac dysrhythmias are more severe manifestations of hypokalemia that can occur if the condition is not promptly addressed. However, muscle weakness is often an early and noticeable sign that can alert healthcare providers to the need for intervention.