ATI RN
Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is postoperative with shallow respirations at 9/min. Which acid-base imbalance should the nurse identify the client as being at risk for developing initially?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory acidosis. Shallow respirations at 9/min indicate hypoventilation, leading to retention of CO2 and respiratory acidosis. This is because inadequate removal of CO2 results in an increase in carbonic acid concentration, leading to a decrease in blood pH. Respiratory alkalosis (B) is unlikely with shallow respirations. Metabolic acidosis (C) results from nonrespiratory factors. Metabolic alkalosis (D) is not related to respiratory rate.
Question 2 of 5
A client has developed atelectasis postoperatively. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing dyspnea. Atelectasis is a condition where the lung tissue collapses, leading to decreased oxygen exchange and resulting in symptoms like dyspnea (difficulty breathing). This occurs because the collapsed lung tissue reduces the surface area available for gas exchange, leading to decreased oxygen saturation and increased work of breathing. Facial flushing (choice A) is not typically associated with atelectasis. Decreasing respiratory rate (choice C) may not be a reliable indicator as the body may compensate by increasing respiratory rate to maintain oxygenation. Friction rub (choice D) is more commonly associated with conditions like pleurisy or pneumonia, not atelectasis.
Question 3 of 5
A healthcare professional is caring for a client who has just developed a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following medications should the healthcare professional anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Heparin. Heparin is a common anticoagulant used to prevent further clotting in patients with pulmonary embolism. It works by inhibiting blood clot formation. Furosemide (A) is a diuretic used for conditions like heart failure and edema, not for pulmonary embolism. Dexamethasone (B) is a corticosteroid used for inflammation and immune suppression, not for pulmonary embolism. Atropine (D) is used to treat bradycardia and not indicated for pulmonary embolism. Administering heparin is crucial to prevent worsening of the pulmonary embolism and potential life-threatening complications.
Question 4 of 5
Which finding on assessment supports the nursing diagnosis Decreased Cardiac Output related to decreased plasma volume?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
The charge nurse assigned the care of a client with acute renal failure and hypernatremia to you, a newly graduated RN. Which actions can you delegate to the nursing assistant? (Choose all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.