A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing moderate metabolic alkalosis. What action would the nurse take?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because in metabolic alkalosis, the blood pH is elevated due to excess bicarbonate levels. Teaching the client fall prevention measures is important as alkalosis can cause muscle weakness and confusion, increasing the risk of falls. Monitoring hemoglobin and hematocrit (Choice A) is not relevant to metabolic alkalosis. Administering furosemide (Choice B) may worsen alkalosis by decreasing fluid volume. Encouraging deep breaths (Choice C) is not indicated as it can further decrease carbon dioxide levels, exacerbating alkalosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: focus on acute care needs. Hospitals today primarily cater to providing immediate and intensive medical care for patients with severe or urgent health issues. This is evident in their specialized departments such as emergency rooms, intensive care units, and surgical suites. Hospitals are equipped with advanced technologies and specialized medical professionals to address acute conditions promptly. Choice A (focus on chronic illnesses) is incorrect as hospitals mainly deal with acute conditions. Choice C (primary care centers) is incorrect as primary care centers provide routine and preventive care, whereas hospitals focus on more complex and urgent medical needs. Choice D (voluntary agencies) is incorrect as hospitals are healthcare institutions that may operate as public, private, or non-profit entities, rather than voluntary agencies.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: decreased length of hospital stay. Increasing healthcare costs lead to hospitals aiming to reduce costs by decreasing the length of hospital stays. Shorter stays reduce overall expenses for the hospital. This is a direct result of the effect of increasing healthcare costs on hospital admissions. The other choices are incorrect because decreased number of surgeries (B) and fewer surgeries in ambulatory centers (D) are related to surgical procedures, not hospital admissions. Increased hospital admissions (C) would not typically be a result of increasing healthcare costs, as hospitals aim to minimize costs by reducing length of stays rather than increasing admissions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nursing process is patient-centered, systematic, and outcomes-oriented. This means it focuses on the individual's needs, follows a structured approach with specific steps (assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation), and aims to achieve positive outcomes. Option A is incorrect because it includes medical terminology which is not a defining characteristic of the nursing process. Option B is incorrect as it mentions nurse-centered and single focus, which do not capture the holistic and patient-centered nature of the nursing process. Option D is incorrect as it describes a single point in time and intuitive approach, which are not reflective of the systematic and ongoing nature of the nursing process.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Placing a patient chart in a holder on the examining room door with the name facing out is an example of an incidental disclosure of patient health information that is permitted. This is because the information disclosed is minimal and necessary for the function of providing care. It does not overly expose sensitive information and is in line with standard practices in healthcare settings. The other choices are incorrect: A: Putting out a sign-in sheet for incoming patients may expose patient names to others in the waiting room, potentially violating patient privacy. B: Overhearing nurses discussing a patient through a door breaches patient confidentiality as it exposes sensitive information to unauthorized individuals. D: Leaving an x-ray on a light board in the hallway exposes patient health information to individuals who may not have a legitimate need to access it, leading to a breach of privacy.