ATI RN
Anatomy of Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute ischemic cerebrovascular event due to a thrombus in a cerebral vessel. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alteplase. Alteplase is a thrombolytic medication used to dissolve blood clots and is crucial in treating acute ischemic cerebrovascular events caused by thrombus. It helps restore blood flow to the affected area of the brain. Aspirin (B) and Clopidogrel (C) are antiplatelet medications that prevent clot formation but do not dissolve existing clots. Heparin (D) is an anticoagulant that does not directly dissolve clots like Alteplase. Administering Alteplase promptly is essential to minimize brain damage in such emergencies.
Question 2 of 5
A laboratory finding of granulocytosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because granulocytosis refers to an increased number of granulocytes in both blood and bone marrow. This finding is commonly associated with conditions such as infections, inflammation, and certain hematologic disorders. Other choices are incorrect because A describes a condition of granulocytopenia, B is associated with acute bacterial infections but not specific to granulocytosis, and C refers to myeloproliferative disorders which may involve other cell types besides granulocytes.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the parts of the complete blood count and differential with a patient. Where should the nurse state that neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are produced?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Red bone marrow. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are all types of white blood cells that are produced in the red bone marrow. Red bone marrow is the primary site of hematopoiesis in adults, where all blood cells, including white blood cells, are produced. The red bone marrow contains stem cells that differentiate into various types of blood cells, including neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Therefore, the nurse should explain to the patient that these specific types of white blood cells are produced in the red bone marrow. The other choices (A: Spleen, B: Thymus, C: Lymph nodes) are incorrect because they are not the primary sites for the production of these specific white blood cells.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is documenting findings after completing data collection with a patient. What term should the nurse use to document a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage under the skin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct term for a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage under the skin is "Ecchymosis" (Choice D). Ecchymosis refers to the medical term for a bruise, which is characterized by a large area of skin discoloration caused by bleeding beneath the skin due to trauma or injury. Pallor (Choice A) refers to paleness of the skin due to decreased blood flow or anemia, not discoloration from hemorrhage. Rubor (Choice B) refers to redness of the skin due to increased blood flow, not discoloration from hemorrhage. Petechiae (Choice C) are tiny red or purple spots on the skin caused by broken capillaries, not a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage as described in the question.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient receiving a blood product and is concerned that the blood is going to deteriorate before it is complete infused. What is the maximum time that blood can hang during infusion before it begins to deteriorate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 4 hours. Blood products typically have a maximum hang time of 4 hours to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination and ensure the integrity of the product. Beyond this time, there is an increased risk of bacterial growth, which can lead to serious infections in the patient. It is crucial to adhere to the recommended hang time to maintain the safety and efficacy of the blood product. Summary of other choices: A: 1 hour - Too short of a time frame for a blood product to be infused, as it would not allow for the complete administration. B: 2 hours - While closer to the correct answer, it still falls short of the recommended 4-hour maximum hang time for blood products. C: 3 hours - Again, this is not the optimal choice as it exceeds the safe hang time for blood products, increasing the risk of contamination and deterioration.