ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking aspirin to reduce the risk of a cardiovascular event. The nurse should identify that the drug inhibits platelet aggregation by which of the following mechanisms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inhibiting cyclooxygenase action in platelets. Aspirin works by irreversibly inhibiting cyclooxygenase, specifically COX-1, in platelets. By inhibiting COX-1, aspirin prevents the formation of thromboxane A2, which is a potent platelet aggregator. This action reduces platelet aggregation and ultimately decreases the risk of clot formation leading to a cardiovascular event. Choice A is incorrect because aspirin does not activate thromboxane A2, but rather inhibits its formation. Choice B is incorrect as aspirin does not block adenosine diphosphate receptors. Choice C is incorrect as aspirin does not suppress specific clotting factors, but rather inhibits platelet function through the mechanism described above.
Question 2 of 5
In microcytic hypochromic anaemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In microcytic hypochromic anemia, red cells are smaller with decreased hemoglobin content, leading to pale appearance. Choice D is correct as it describes the typical characteristics of microcytic hypochromic anemia. Choice A is incorrect as red cells are smaller, not larger. Choice B is incorrect as red blood cell count is usually decreased. Choice C is incorrect as both hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin are decreased in microcytic hypochromic anemia.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes that a patient's gaping wound is developing a blood clot. Which body substance is responsible for this clot formation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Platelets are responsible for clot formation in the body. When a wound occurs, platelets are activated and adhere to the site, forming a plug to stop bleeding. They release chemicals to further enhance clot formation. Plasma is the liquid component of blood, red blood cells carry oxygen, and white blood cells are part of the immune system, none of which are directly involved in clot formation.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a bleeding disorder is prescribed an infusion of plasma. What should the nurse explain as being the purpose of this infusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contains clotting factors. Plasma contains essential clotting factors like fibrinogen, Factor VIII, and others that are necessary for blood clotting in patients with bleeding disorders. This infusion helps improve the patient's ability to form blood clots and control bleeding. B: Plasma does not carry oxygen to tissues; that is the role of red blood cells. C: Plasma does not directly support cellular metabolism; that is the function of nutrients. D: Plasma does not remove waste products from cells; that is the role of the kidneys and liver.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) 5 mg daily has an international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.5. It is time to administer the next dose of Coumadin. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the daily Coumadin as ordered. Rationale: 1. INR of 2.5 is within the therapeutic range (2-3) for patients on warfarin. 2. Holding the dose may lead to fluctuation in INR and risk of thrombosis or bleeding. 3. Notifying the physician is not necessary as the INR is within the target range. 4. Administering vitamin K is not indicated unless the patient is experiencing significant bleeding. In summary, administering the daily Coumadin as ordered is appropriate as the INR is within the therapeutic range, ensuring continuity of anticoagulation therapy without unnecessary intervention.