A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking folic acid to treat megaloblastic anemia. The nurse should monitor which of the following laboratory values to determine therapeutic effectiveness?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reticulocyte count. Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells, and monitoring their count can help determine the effectiveness of folic acid in treating megaloblastic anemia. Increased reticulocyte count indicates improved production of red blood cells. Amylase level, C-reactive protein, and creatinine clearance are not directly related to monitoring the effectiveness of folic acid in treating megaloblastic anemia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Part of general pancytopenia. Secondary neutropenia in adults can occur as part of general pancytopenia, where there is a decrease in all blood cell types. This can be caused by various conditions such as infections, medications, autoimmune disorders, and bone marrow disorders. Rationale: A: Congenital is incorrect because congenital neutropenia refers to a condition present at birth, not secondary neutropenia. B: Anti-hypertensive drugs may cause drug-induced neutropenia, but it is not the primary cause of secondary neutropenia in adults. D: Familial neutropenia is a genetic disorder that runs in families and is not a common cause of secondary neutropenia in adults.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Aplastic anemia is characterized by bone marrow failure, leading to decreased production of all blood cell types. 2. Pancytopenia refers to low levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, consistent with aplastic anemia. 3. Erythrocytosis is an increase in red blood cell count, contradictory to the reduced production in aplastic anemia. 4. Bone marrow hypercellularity indicates increased cellularity, opposite to the hypocellularity seen in aplastic anemia. 5. Reticulocytosis is an elevated number of immature red blood cells, which is not typically seen in the context of bone marrow failure in aplastic anemia. Summary: A is correct as it aligns with the characteristic pancytopenia in aplastic anemia. B, C, and D are incorrect due to their inconsistency with the pathophysiology of the condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct term to describe hemoglobin that has given up its oxygen to the body's cells is "Reduced." When hemoglobin releases oxygen to the body's cells, it becomes deoxygenated or reduced hemoglobin. This term accurately reflects the chemical state of the hemoglobin molecule after oxygen release. Summary of other choices: - B: "Detached" does not accurately describe the process of oxygen release by hemoglobin. - C: "Oxyhemoglobin" refers to hemoglobin bound to oxygen, not after it has given up oxygen. - D: "Hypoxyhemoglobin" refers to hemoglobin with low oxygen levels, not after it has given up oxygen.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clubbed fingertips. Clubbing of the fingertips is a sign of long-term hypoxia due to chronic lung disease, causing changes in the nail bed angle and soft tissue around the nails. Pallor (A) is a paleness of the skin and not specific to hypoxia. Dyspnea (B) is difficulty breathing, which can occur in acute or chronic conditions. Pulmonary crackles (D) are abnormal lung sounds indicating fluid in the lungs, commonly seen in conditions like pneumonia. Clubbed fingertips specifically point towards long-term hypoxia in chronic lung disease.