ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is teaching the client about the common link with Crohn's disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Both are inflammatory. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are both inflammatory bowel diseases. Ulcerative colitis primarily affects the colon and rectum, while Crohn's disease can affect any part of the digestive tract. This common inflammatory nature is the link between the two conditions. Choices B and C are incorrect because Crohn's disease can start in any part of the digestive tract, not specifically in the rectum, and fistula formation is more common in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis. Choice D is incorrect as not all cases of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease require frequent surgery; surgery is usually considered for complications or severe cases.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The nurse notices that the solution bag is almost empty and there is not another bag of TPN to administer. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse administer until the next bag of TPN solution is available?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 10% dextrose in water (D10W). When a TPN bag is almost empty, abruptly stopping it can lead to hypoglycemia. Administering D10W provides a temporary source of glucose to prevent this. D10W is a hypertonic solution that delivers a high concentration of dextrose for energy. Option B (0.45% NaCl) is hypotonic and lacks the necessary glucose content. Option C (Lactated Ringer's solution) does not contain glucose, and option D (D5LR) contains lactate, which may not be suitable for all patients. Administering D10W is the most appropriate choice to prevent hypoglycemia until the next bag of TPN is available.
Question 3 of 5
Katrina is diagnosed with lactose intolerance. To avoid complications with lack of calcium in the diet, which food should be included in the diet?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dark green, leafy vegetables. Dark green, leafy vegetables are a good source of calcium and can help Katrina meet her calcium needs without consuming milk and cheese products. Since Katrina is lactose intolerant, consuming milk and cheese products can lead to gastrointestinal issues due to the inability to digest lactose. Fruits and whole grains do not provide significant amounts of calcium compared to dark green, leafy vegetables. Therefore, including dark green, leafy vegetables in the diet is the best option to prevent complications from lack of calcium intake.
Question 4 of 5
Mandy, an adolescent girl is admitted to an acute care facility with severe malnutrition. After a thorough examination, the physician diagnoses anorexia nervosa. When developing the plan of care for this client, the nurse is most likely to include which nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chronic low self-esteem. In anorexia nervosa, individuals often have distorted body image and low self-esteem, which contributes to their disordered eating behavior. By addressing the nursing diagnosis of chronic low self-esteem, the nurse can focus on interventions to help improve the client's self-worth and body image perception. A: Hopelessness may be present in anorexia nervosa but chronic low self-esteem is more directly related to the disorder. B: Powerlessness is not the primary nursing diagnosis in anorexia nervosa; it may be a secondary issue. D: Deficient knowledge is not the main nursing diagnosis in anorexia nervosa; clients generally have knowledge about their condition but struggle with self-image and self-esteem.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is FALSE about the enteric nervous system?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. The enteric nervous system can autonomously regulate digestive functions locally without input from the central nervous system. 2. Enteric sensory and motor neurons are key components of the enteric nervous system, responsible for detecting stimuli and coordinating gut movements. 3. Enteric interneurons play a crucial role in connecting sensory and motor neurons within the enteric nervous system. 4. Choice D is false because the enteric neurons are capable of controlling digestive tract functions independently from the central nervous system.