ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia A and is about to begin taking desmopressin to prevent bleeding. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Edema. Desmopressin is a medication that can cause fluid retention, leading to edema. Hemophilia A clients are at risk for bleeding, so desmopressin is given to improve clotting. Weight loss (A), polyuria (C), and bradycardia (D) are not common adverse reactions of desmopressin. Weight loss and polyuria are more associated with diabetes insipidus, a condition that desmopressin is used to treat. Bradycardia is not a typical adverse reaction of desmopressin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking epoetin. An increase in which of the following laboratory values should indicate to the nurse that the therapy is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hgb (hemoglobin). Epoetin is a medication used to stimulate the production of red blood cells, which contain hemoglobin. Therefore, an increase in hemoglobin level indicates that the therapy is effective in treating anemia. Incorrect choices: A: PT (prothrombin time) is a measure of blood clotting time and is not directly related to epoetin therapy. B: WBC (white blood cell count) is not affected by epoetin therapy, as it primarily targets red blood cell production. D: Platelets are involved in blood clotting and are not directly influenced by epoetin therapy for anemia. In summary, the increase in hemoglobin level is the most relevant indicator of the effectiveness of epoetin therapy for treating anemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has renal failure and is receiving epoetin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Epoetin stimulates red blood cell production, increasing blood volume and potentially leading to hypertension. This adverse effect is known as hypertensive crisis. Muscle pain (B), edema (C), and dry mouth (D) are not typically associated with epoetin therapy for renal failure. Thus, they are incorrect choices.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following moves furthest to the anode on cellulose acetate electrophoresis of normal haemoglobin at pH 8.6?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Haemoglobin A. In cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.6, haemoglobin A moves furthest towards the anode because it has the highest net negative charge among the normal haemoglobins. This is due to the high number of negatively charged amino acids in haemoglobin A compared to the other normal haemoglobins. Haemoglobin D, A2, and S have different amino acid sequences and charge distributions, resulting in them migrating at different rates. Haemoglobin D and A2 are minor components with lower net negative charge compared to A. Haemoglobin S, on the other hand, has a different charge distribution due to the substitution of glutamic acid with valine in the beta chain, causing it to migrate differently than haemoglobin A.
Question 5 of 5
In iron deficiency anemia there is characteristically
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Iron deficiency leads to decreased hemoglobin synthesis, resulting in smaller red blood cells. 2. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) measures the average size of red blood cells. 3. In iron deficiency anemia, MCV is low due to the smaller red blood cells. 4. Therefore, choice B is correct as it reflects the characteristic feature of iron deficiency anemia. Summary: A: Atrophic gastritis is seen in pernicious anemia, not iron deficiency anemia. C: Total iron binding capacity is increased, not reduced, in iron deficiency anemia. D: Megaloblastic changes in the bone marrow are seen in megaloblastic anemias, not iron deficiency anemia.