A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following findings indicates that the catheter requires irrigation?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the presence of ketones in the urine may indicate dehydration or infection, which can lead to catheter obstruction. Irrigation may be needed to clear the catheter and prevent further complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because an unusual odor, high specific gravity, and a significant amount of urine in the bladder do not necessarily indicate the need for catheter irrigation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit the client's time with visitors to no more than 30 minutes per day. This is the correct precaution because shigella is transmitted through fecal-oral route. By limiting the client's time with visitors, the risk of spreading the infection to others is minimized. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: A: Having the client wear a mask when receiving visitors is not necessary for preventing the spread of shigella, as it is not transmitted through the air. C: Assigning the client to a room with negative-pressure airflow exchange is more suitable for airborne infections, not for shigella which is transmitted through fecal-oral route. D: While wearing a gown when caring for the client is a good infection control practice, it is not specifically indicated for preventing the spread of shigella through contact with visitors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Option A is correct because medication reconciliation involves comparing the client's home medications with the provider's prescriptions to ensure accuracy and prevent medication errors. This step helps identify discrepancies and allows for proper management of the client's medication regimen. Summary: - Option B is incorrect as it does not address the process of medication reconciliation. - Option C is incorrect as calling the pharmacy does not directly relate to verifying medication information. - Option D is incorrect as verifying the client's name on their identification bracelet does not specifically pertain to medication reconciliation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The main purpose of the NCLEX examination is to ensure the safety of the public. The exam assesses if a candidate has the knowledge and skills necessary to provide safe and effective nursing care. It is designed to protect the public by ensuring that only competent individuals are granted nursing licensure. This is crucial in maintaining high standards of healthcare and safeguarding patients' well-being. Incorrect answers: A: Ensuring that individuals have passed nursing classes is not the main purpose of the NCLEX. Passing nursing classes is a prerequisite for taking the exam but not its primary goal. B: Providing assurance that nursing schools are part of the service agency is not the main purpose of the NCLEX. The exam focuses on individual competency rather than accrediting nursing schools. C: Enabling potential students to determine the best nursing schools is not the main purpose of the NCLEX. The exam does not rank or rate nursing schools; its primary aim is to evaluate individual readiness for nursing practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because ethical principles can serve as the foundation for laws. Ethical principles often guide the creation of laws to ensure societal order and justice. Laws are based on ethical values and aim to regulate behavior accordingly. Therefore, ethical principles can be seen as a standard for measuring actions, influencing the development and enforcement of laws. Summary: A: Incorrect. The government enforces laws, not ethics. B: Incorrect. Laws are based on ethics, but they are not the same. C: Incorrect. Ethics are broad principles, not specific rules.