A nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness and is ventilator-dependent. The client is alert and oriented and wants to discontinue the ventilator. The nurse should be aware that continued treatment against the client's wishes is a violation of which ethical principle?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Autonomy. Autonomy is the ethical principle that upholds an individual's right to make decisions about their own healthcare. In this scenario, the client is alert and oriented and has expressed the wish to discontinue the ventilator, which reflects their autonomy. Continuing treatment against the client's wishes would violate their autonomy. Veracity (A) relates to truth-telling, Fidelity (C) refers to being faithful to commitments, and Justice (D) pertains to fair and equal treatment. In this case, the primary ethical principle at play is the client's right to make their own decisions about their care, making Autonomy the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Constant fever. A constant fever is characterized by a consistent temperature in the fever range without significant fluctuations. This type of fever does not show variations over time, unlike intermittent fever which fluctuates between febrile and afebrile periods. Choices C and D are likely left blank intentionally as they are not relevant to the question. In summary, option B is correct because it accurately describes a fever that remains in the fever range without variation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Small intestines. This is because the small intestines are where the majority of nutrient absorption occurs due to its large surface area and presence of villi and microvilli. These structures increase absorption efficiency. The large intestines primarily absorb water and electrolytes, not nutrients. Choices C and D are not provided, but they are incorrect as nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestines.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tepid sponge bath. This is the best choice for a child with fever as it helps in reducing body temperature gradually and safely. Sponge baths are recommended over medications like syrup to avoid potential side effects. Other choices (A, C, D) lack the efficacy and safety of a tepid sponge bath in managing fever in children.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Ringing the alarm alerts people to the fire. 2. It helps in evacuating the building safely. 3. Fire alarms trigger automated systems and notify emergency services. 4. Breaking glass could be dangerous and not effective in alerting everyone. Summary: - Option A is incorrect as breaking glass is not a standard fire safety procedure. - Options C and D are incorrect as they are blank and do not provide any relevant action in case of fire.