A nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness and is ventilator-dependent. The client is alert and oriented and wants to discontinue the ventilator. The nurse should be aware that continued treatment against the client's wishes is a violation of which ethical principle?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Autonomy. Autonomy is the ethical principle that upholds an individual's right to make decisions about their own care. In this scenario, the client, who is alert and oriented, has expressed their wish to discontinue the ventilator. Respecting the client's autonomy means honoring their decision, even if it goes against medical advice. Veracity refers to truth-telling, fidelity to keeping promises, and justice to fairness in resource allocation. In this case, the client's autonomy takes precedence over other ethical principles.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, "Switch off the fuse box first." This is the correct course of action to ensure safety during an electrocution emergency. By switching off the fuse box, the electrical current will be cut off, reducing the risk of further harm to the patient and rescuers. Pulling the patient first (option A) can result in additional injuries to both the patient and the rescuer. It is important to prioritize cutting off the power source before attempting any rescue. Options C and D are not valid choices as they do not provide any effective solution to address the immediate danger of electrocution.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Middle ear problem. Conductive hearing loss typically results from issues in the middle ear that prevent sound from reaching the inner ear effectively. Common causes include ear infections, fluid buildup, or problems with the ear bones. The inner ear (choice A) is responsible for processing sound signals, not conducting them. Choices C and D are likely left blank as they do not relate to conductive hearing loss.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pull the door going inside the room. This is because pulling the door prevents the potential spread of TB germs from the patient's room to the hallway or other areas. By pulling the door, the negative pressure in the room helps contain the germs inside. Pushing the door would create a higher pressure inside the room, increasing the risk of germs escaping. Choice A is incorrect because pushing the door would not maintain containment of the TB germs. Choices C and D are left blank as they are not relevant to the rationale provided.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because snoring often occurs when sleeping on the back (supine position), causing the tongue and soft tissues to collapse towards the back of the throat, obstructing the airway. By lessening the time spent in the supine position or using positional therapy devices to prevent sleeping on the back, the likelihood of snoring can be reduced. Option A, sleeping flat, does not address the specific issue of sleeping on the back. Options C and D are incomplete, and their relevance to snoring prevention is unclear.