A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a narcotic medication. What should the nurse do with the unused portion after administration?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take with the unused portion of a narcotic medication after administration is to discard it with a witness present. This procedure is necessary to comply with controlled substance regulations and prevent diversion or misuse of the medication. Storing it in the medication cart for later use is inappropriate as it can lead to unauthorized access. Returning it to the pharmacy is not recommended as the medication has already been dispensed. Reporting it to the provider is not the standard procedure for disposing of controlled substances.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In teaching about food choices for a client on a low-sodium diet, recommending fresh fruit (Option B) is crucial for several reasons. Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium and are packed with essential nutrients like vitamins, minerals, and fiber, making them an ideal choice for individuals looking to reduce their sodium intake. They also provide a refreshing and healthy alternative to processed snacks that are often high in sodium and unhealthy additives. The other options are not suitable for a client on a low-sodium diet. Canned soup (Option A) is typically high in sodium to act as a preservative, making it unsuitable for individuals trying to reduce their sodium intake. Processed meats (Option C) are also known to be high in sodium content due to the curing and preserving process. Frozen meals (Option D) often contain high levels of sodium to enhance flavor and increase shelf life, making them a poor choice for someone on a low-sodium diet. From an educational standpoint, it's essential for nurses to understand the nutritional content of different food choices and how they can impact specific health conditions. By recommending fresh fruit over high-sodium alternatives, nurses can empower their clients to make healthier choices that support their dietary needs and overall well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Use a special mattress to reduce pressure on the skin.' This intervention is crucial in preventing skin breakdown in clients with limited mobility as it helps to reduce pressure on bony prominences. Repositioning every 4 hours (Choice A) is important but may not be sufficient to prevent skin breakdown entirely. Applying lotion every 2 hours (Choice B) may not address the root cause of skin breakdown related to pressure. Increasing fluid intake (Choice D) is beneficial for overall skin health but may not directly prevent skin breakdown caused by pressure points.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with home oxygen therapy is to keep oxygen tubing away from heat sources to prevent fires and other hazards. Option A is incorrect because adjusting the oxygen flow rate without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous. Option C is incorrect as synthetic fabrics can generate static electricity, which is a fire hazard. Option D is incorrect as oxygen should be left on as prescribed unless advised otherwise.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when administering medications to a client with dysphagia is to place the medications in small amounts of pudding. Mixing medications with pudding helps clients with dysphagia swallow them more easily. Choice A (crushing medications and mixing with honey) is not recommended as it may alter the medication properties. Choice B (providing medications through a straw) is not suitable for clients with dysphagia as it can pose a choking hazard. Choice D (offering medications with a full glass of water) may be difficult for clients with dysphagia to swallow and increase the risk of aspiration.