ATI RN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is being treated for inhalational anthrax following bioterrorism exposure. Which of the following medications should NOT be expected as a common treatment for anthrax?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Penicillin G. Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, which is susceptible to ciprofloxacin and doxycycline. Penicillin and amoxicillin are not recommended due to the potential for B. anthracis to produce beta-lactamase, which can make the bacteria resistant to penicillin-based medications. Penicillin G is not effective in treating anthrax and should not be expected as a common treatment option.
Question 2 of 5
A client with asthma is taking fluticasone. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oral candidiasis. Fluticasone is a corticosteroid inhaler that can cause oral candidiasis as a common adverse effect due to its immunosuppressive properties. The step-by-step rationale is: 1. Fluticasone is a corticosteroid. 2. Corticosteroids can suppress the immune system. 3. Immunosuppression can lead to oral candidiasis. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Hypoglycemia is not a common adverse effect of fluticasone. B: Hypertension is not typically associated with fluticasone use. C: Polyuria is not a common side effect of fluticasone.
Question 3 of 5
A client was exposed to anthrax. Which of the following antibiotics should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ciprofloxacin. Anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, and ciprofloxacin is the recommended antibiotic for treating anthrax due to its effectiveness against this specific bacterium. Ciprofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA replication, thus stopping the growth and spread of the anthrax bacteria. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Fluconazole is an antifungal medication and is not effective against bacterial infections like anthrax. C: Tobramycin is an antibiotic primarily used to treat bacterial infections in the eyes, ears, and skin, but it is not the first-line treatment for anthrax. D: Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections, but it is not the preferred choice for anthrax treatment.
Question 4 of 5
A client is being admitted to the surgical unit from the PACU following a cholecystectomy. Which of the following assessments is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxygen saturation. The priority assessment after a cholecystectomy is monitoring the client's oxygen saturation to ensure adequate oxygenation post-surgery. Decreased oxygen saturation can indicate respiratory distress, which requires immediate intervention. Bowel sounds (A) are important but not the priority post-cholecystectomy. Surgical dressing (B) should be assessed, but it is not as critical as monitoring oxygen saturation. Temperature (C) is also important, but ensuring oxygenation takes precedence in the immediate postoperative period.
Question 5 of 5
A client is vomiting. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to prevent the client from aspirating. Aspiration is a serious risk when a client is vomiting as it can lead to respiratory complications. The nurse should position the client on their side to prevent aspiration of vomitus into the airway. This immediate action takes priority over providing an emesis basin, notifying housekeeping, or administering an antiemetic, which do not address the urgent need to prevent aspiration.