A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has croup and wet the bed overnight. When the parents visit the next day, the nurse explains the situation, and one of the parents says, 'She never wet the bed at home. I am so embarrassed.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should reassure the parent that it is expected for hospitalized children to regress in their toileting skills due to stress or illness. By explaining this, the nurse provides reassurance that the child's bedwetting is temporary and not a cause for concern. This response shows empathy, understanding, and offers a logical explanation for the situation. Other choices are incorrect: B: This response is confrontational and does not address the parent's concerns or provide reassurance. C: This response dismisses the parent's feelings and does not offer any explanation or support. D: While this response shows empathy, it does not provide a clear explanation or reassurance about the situation, which is essential in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer D: 1. Family therapy helps parents understand how family dynamics may contribute to the client's illness. 2. It fosters open communication and support within the family. 3. Understanding triggers and maintaining a supportive environment aids in the client's recovery. 4. Empowering parents with knowledge improves the overall treatment outcomes. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Guilt-tripping the parents is not therapeutic and may create resistance. B: While true, this answer lacks specific information on the benefits of family therapy. C: While supportive, it does not address the rationale behind family therapy's effectiveness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (D): The client experiencing occasional feelings of sadness due to the recent death of a beloved pet, with no changes in appetite, sleep patterns, or daily routine, does not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of depression. Here's a step-by-step rationale: 1. **Occasional Feelings of Sadness**: It is normal for individuals to experience feelings of sadness following a significant loss, such as the death of a beloved pet. 2. **No Changes in Appetite, Sleep Patterns, or Daily Routine**: The client's lack of changes in these areas suggests that their functioning is not significantly impaired. 3. **No Persistent or Severe Symptoms**: The client's behaviors do not indicate the presence of a major depressive episode, as there are no persistent or severe symptoms such as significant weight loss/gain, insomnia/hypersomnia, or psychomotor agitation/retardation. 4. **No Impairment in Functioning**: Since the client's behaviors

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because defense mechanisms can be adaptive responses to stress, helping individuals cope and manage anxiety. It is important to understand that defense mechanisms serve a purpose in protecting the individual's psychological well-being. Eliminating them completely can be harmful as they may be necessary for emotional regulation. Choice B is incorrect as defense mechanisms can sometimes be adaptive. Choice C is incorrect as defense mechanisms are utilized by everyone, not just those with weak ego integrity. Choice D is incorrect as fostering defense mechanisms excessively can lead to maladaptive coping strategies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because individuals experiencing psychoses often have distorted perceptions of reality, leading to significant distress. They may have hallucinations or delusions, causing fear, confusion, and emotional turmoil. Choice A is incorrect as individuals with psychosis may not realize their behaviors are maladaptive due to their altered perception. Choice C is incorrect because individuals with psychosis may lack insight into their psychological problems. Choice D is incorrect as psychosis involves a disconnect from reality, leading to irrational thoughts and beliefs.