ATI RN
Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is attempting to minimize damage following a bioterrorism attack in the community. Which of the following would be the most crucial aspect for the nurse to consider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An unannounced dissemination of a biological agent may easily go unnoticed, and the victims may have left the area of exposure long before the act of terrorism is recognized. Therefore, the first and most important aspect is recognizing that an outbreak has occurred by noting the increase in people presenting with similar signs and symptoms. After the similar signs and symptoms have been detected, the next step is striving to identify the biological or chemical agent. Then the nurse will identify factors that place people at risk, implement measures to control the outbreak, and finally, inform the medical and public communities about treatments, health consequences and preventive measures.
Question 2 of 5
On the second day after a disaster, a male colleague tells the nurse he has a splitting headache. The nurse notes the colleague is feeling irritable and having difficulty focusing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in response to the complaint of headache?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Symptoms of early stress and burnout include minor tremors, nausea, inability to concentrate, difficulty thinking, and problems with memory. Suppressing feelings of guilt, powerlessness, anger, and other signs of stress eventually will lead to symptoms such as irritability, fatigue, headaches, and distortions of bodily functions. It is normal to experience stress, but it must be addressed. The worst thing anyone can do is to deny that it exists. The American Red Cross recommends that the worker get enough sleep and take time away from the disaster (i.e., take breaks). The colleague should deal with his emotions now and not put them off to deal with later. The symptoms that are described relate to early stress and burnout, thus, not multi-tasking or drinking more water are probably not going to help relieve his symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following levels of prevention is being used by a nurse who is helping to develop a community-wide disaster management plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention takes place before a condition occurs. Primary prevention occurs when one participates in developing a disaster management plan for the community. Secondary prevention occurs with at risk populations and is aimed at early diagnosis and treatment. Tertiary prevention occurs after a problem has already been detected or diagnoses. The development of a plan only addresses primary prevention, not the other levels described.
Question 4 of 5
True statements regarding type B Haemophilus influenzae include all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: H. influenzae type B (Hib) was a major cause of epiglottitis and mortality in children before vaccination, and resistance to ampicillin is common (>15%). However, (C) is false: while Hib causes otitis media, nontypeable H. influenzae is the most common bacterial cause, not type B.
Question 5 of 5
Correct statements concerning iron requirements include all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cow’s milk is a poor source of iron and can cause deficiency in infants, making (A) false. (B), (C), (D), and (E) are true: iron needs drop post-menopause, are equal in men and postmenopausal women, rise in pregnancy, and thalassemia patients often have iron overload, not deficiency.