A nurse is assessing potential environmental health risks in the community. Which of the following would be the first step that the nurse should take?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perform a windshield survey. This is the first step as it involves observing the community from a car to gather preliminary information on environmental factors, community resources, and potential hazards. This allows the nurse to identify areas for further investigation. A: Conducting health risk assessments of randomly selected individuals is not the first step, as it focuses on individuals rather than the broader community. C: Reviewing facility permits and consumer confidence reports is important but typically comes after initial observations to validate findings. D: Surveying community members can provide valuable input, but it may not give an overall picture of environmental health risks without prior observation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To enforce local laws and regulations. Local health departments conduct unannounced inspections to ensure that restaurants are adhering to health and safety regulations set by the local government. By enforcing these laws, they protect public health and safety. Choice B is incorrect because compliance is a result of enforcing laws, not the primary purpose. Choice C is incorrect because oversight to potential exposure is not the main purpose of inspections. Choice D is incorrect because monitoring employee safety is only one aspect of overall compliance with health regulations.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). OSHA is the primary federal law that ensures workplace safety and health standards are met to protect employees. It specifically focuses on promoting safe working conditions and enforcing regulations to prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. In the context of the restaurant industry, the nurse would likely discuss OSHA regulations with the student to highlight the importance of workplace safety practices. Explanation for other choices: A: Chemical Safety Information, Site Security, and Fuels Regulatory Act - This act primarily focuses on chemical safety and security regulations, not specifically related to workplace safety in the restaurant industry. B: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act - This act deals with hazardous waste cleanup and liability, not workplace safety in the restaurant industry. C: Food Quality Protection Act - This act pertains to regulations on pesticide use and food safety, not workplace safety in the restaurant industry.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Burning of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are major sources of air pollution due to the release of harmful pollutants like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. These pollutants contribute to smog, acid rain, and climate change. Explanation: 1. Fossil fuels are widely used for electricity generation, transportation, and industrial processes. 2. Combustion of fossil fuels releases pollutants into the air. 3. The pollutants contribute to the formation of smog and acid rain, impacting air quality and the environment. 4. The release of carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels is a significant contributor to climate change. Summary: B: Waste incineration is a source of air pollution but not as significant as burning fossil fuels. C: Wood burning fireplaces can contribute to local air pollution but are not a major source at the national level. D: Motor vehicles are significant sources of air pollution, but the question

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. Asking questions at policy meetings helps advocate for community health needs. 2. Nurses can raise awareness of health implications and influence policy decisions. 3. This action empowers the community by ensuring their voices are heard. Summary: - Choice B is incorrect as it involves reporting problems internally, not advocating. - Choice C is incorrect as being a source of information does not necessarily advocate for community needs. - Choice D is incorrect as volunteering on committees may not directly advocate for community health at a policy level.