A nurse is assessing how a family will transition and adapt after their youngest child leaves for college. By using this framework, which of the following perspectives is the nurse implementing?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Developmental. In this scenario, the nurse is focusing on understanding how the family will transition and adapt after a significant life event, which is the departure of their youngest child for college. The developmental perspective emphasizes the importance of life stages and transitions in shaping individuals and families. The nurse is likely assessing the family's readiness for this developmental milestone and how they will navigate the changes it brings. Option A) Risk-factor is incorrect because it focuses on identifying potential risks or negative influences on health outcomes, which is not the primary focus of the scenario. Option B) Structural-functional is incorrect as it pertains to how social structures and functions contribute to the stability of society, not specifically addressing family adaptation to life changes. Option C) Open systems is incorrect as it refers to systems theory, which views families as interconnected systems that interact with their environment, but it does not specifically address the developmental aspect of family transitions. In an educational context, understanding different perspectives in assessing family dynamics is crucial for healthcare professionals like nurses. By applying a developmental perspective, nurses can better support families through transitions and changes, promoting their overall well-being and resilience. This knowledge helps nurses provide holistic care that considers not just the individual but also their familial and social contexts.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Allows for health promotion and disease prevention appraisal. When admitting a patient following a CABG procedure, the primary focus of the home health nurse is to assess the patient's current health status, identify risk factors for future cardiovascular events, and develop a plan to promote health and prevent further complications. This includes monitoring vital signs, assessing wound healing, evaluating medication adherence, providing education on lifestyle modifications, and ensuring proper follow-up care. Option A) Allows for inclusion of family members in decision-making is incorrect because while family involvement is crucial in the patient's care, it is not the primary purpose of admitting the patient following a CABG. Option C) Allows for development of patient-centered care is also incorrect as patient-centered care is important, but in this specific context, the immediate focus is on health promotion and disease prevention. Option D) Allows for data collection necessary for comparison to Healthy People 2020 is incorrect as the main goal of admitting the patient is to provide direct care and support, rather than collecting data for population health comparisons. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind the correct answer emphasizes the importance of comprehensive assessment, individualized care planning, and proactive health promotion strategies in postoperative cardiac care. It underscores the role of nurses in promoting positive health outcomes and preventing complications in patients following CABG surgery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Subsystem of a community. When the nurse is interviewing members of a substance abuse unit at a local VA hospital, they are assessing a specific subset or subsystem within the larger community. This subsystem refers to a distinct group within the community that shares common characteristics or experiences, such as substance abuse issues among veterans in this case. Option A) Structure of a community typically refers to the overall organization or layout of a community, including physical infrastructure and institutions, which is not the focus of the nurse's assessment in this context. Option C) Supra system of a community usually pertains to larger systems that encompass multiple communities or levels above the specific community being assessed, which is beyond the scope of the nurse's current assessment. Option D) Interaction of a community involves the relationships and connections between different parts of a community, rather than focusing on a specific subset or subgroup within the community like the substance abuse unit at the VA hospital. Understanding the concept of subsystems in a community is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, as it helps them target interventions and support to specific groups within a community based on their unique needs and characteristics. This knowledge enables more effective health promotion and intervention strategies tailored to the specific subsystem being assessed.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Self-perception–self-concept pattern. High school dropout rates and decreased self-worth among students indicate a potential alteration in how individuals view themselves and their self-worth within the community. This pattern is crucial as it encompasses individuals' beliefs about themselves, their body image, self-esteem, and personal identity. Option B) Role-relationships pattern focuses on how individuals interact with others in various roles, which is not directly impacted by the described situation. Option C) Cognitive-perceptual pattern pertains to mental processes and sensory functions, which are not the primary concerns based on the data provided. Option D) Sexuality-reproduction pattern is unrelated to the issues of high school dropout rates and decreased self-worth among students. Educationally, understanding functional health patterns is essential as it helps healthcare providers assess individuals comprehensively. By recognizing alterations in these patterns, appropriate interventions can be implemented to promote health and well-being. In this case, addressing the self-perception–self-concept pattern would be crucial to supporting the high school students and improving the community's overall health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of health promotion, the community being in the maintenance stage of change indicates that they have successfully made changes and are now focused on maintaining those changes long-term. Developing strategies to prevent relapse (Option C) is the most appropriate intervention at this stage. This is because relapse prevention strategies help individuals and communities sustain their positive behaviors and prevent setbacks. Option A, highlighting past successes, is more relevant to the action or preparation stages where motivation needs to be built. Option B, discussing the benefits of changing, is important in the pre-contemplation or contemplation stages to increase awareness. Option D, providing information, is essential in the early stages but may not be as effective in the maintenance stage where practical strategies are needed to maintain behavior change. Educationally, understanding the stages of change model is crucial for healthcare professionals like community health nurses to tailor interventions effectively. By recognizing where individuals or communities are in their behavior change journey, nurses can provide targeted support and strategies to enhance long-term success and health outcomes. It emphasizes the importance of ongoing support and planning for sustained behavior change in health promotion efforts.