ATI RN
Fluid Maintenance Pediatrics Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preterm newborn. Which assessment findings are consistent with prematurity? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In assessing a preterm newborn, it is crucial to recognize physical characteristics that are typical of prematurity. In this case, option A, "Abundant lanugo over the body," is consistent with prematurity. Lanugo, the fine hair covering the body of a preterm infant, is a characteristic feature due to the underdeveloped skin and subcutaneous fat in premature babies. Option B, "Ear cartilage soft and pliable," is not indicative of prematurity. Soft and pliable ear cartilage is a normal finding in newborns, regardless of gestational age. Option C, "Flexed body posture," is commonly seen in preterm newborns due to their decreased muscle tone and immature nervous system. This posture reflects their intrauterine positioning and is a sign of prematurity. Option D, "Deep creases on the sole of the foot," are more commonly seen in full-term infants rather than preterm newborns. Full-term infants tend to have well-defined creases on the soles of their feet due to the normal maturation process during gestation. Understanding these physical characteristics is vital for healthcare professionals working with preterm infants as it helps in accurate assessment, monitoring, and providing appropriate care tailored to the specific needs of these vulnerable newborns.
Question 2 of 5
Parents of a newborn are concerned because the infant's eyes often "look crossed" when the infant is looking at an object. The nurse's response is that this is normal based on the knowledge that binocularity is normally present by what age?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Binocularity refers to the ability of both eyes to focus on the same object and create a single, three-dimensional image. In infants, binocularity typically develops between the ages of 6 to 8 months. Prior to this age, it is common for infants to show occasional misalignment or "crossed" eyes when focusing on an object. This is usually a normal part of the visual development process and tends to resolve as binocular vision strengthens with age. Therefore, it is considered normal for newborns to show occasional crossed eyes until binocularity develops around 6 to 8 months of age.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning to use an interpreter during a health history interview of a non-English speaking patient and family. Which nursing care guidelines should the nurse include when using an interpreter? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is Option A: Elicit one answer at a time. This guideline is crucial when using an interpreter during a health history interview with a non-English speaking patient and family because it allows for clear, accurate communication without misunderstandings or confusion. By eliciting one answer at a time, the nurse ensures that information is accurately conveyed and understood by all parties involved. Option B: Interrupt the interpreter if the response from the family is lengthy is incorrect because interrupting the interpreter can disrupt the flow of communication and may lead to important information being missed or misinterpreted. Option C: Comments to the interpreter about the family should be made in English is incorrect as it is essential to maintain professionalism and respect when working with interpreters. Making comments about the family in a language they do not understand could be perceived as disrespectful or unprofessional. Option D: Arrange for the family to speak with the same interpreter, if possible is incorrect because while continuity with the same interpreter is ideal for consistency, it may not always be possible due to availability or other factors. It is more important to ensure effective communication in the moment with a qualified interpreter, even if they are different from previous encounters. Educationally, understanding the importance of clear communication, respect for cultural differences, and effective utilization of interpreters is crucial for healthcare professionals working with diverse patient populations. It is essential to prioritize accurate information exchange and respectful interactions to provide high-quality care to all patients, regardless of language barriers.
Question 4 of 5
At what age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infants typically begin to smile in response to pleasurable stimuli around 2 months of age. This social smile is an important developmental milestone in infants and signifies their growing social awareness and ability to engage with others. By the age of 2 months, infants are starting to develop social connections and recognize familiar faces, which often elicits smiles in response to positive interactions. Though some infants may start smiling earlier or later, the average age for the emergence of social smiles is around 2 months.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing an in-service education to staff about atraumatic care for pediatric patients. Which intervention should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atraumatic care for pediatric patients aims to minimize emotional and psychological distress during hospitalization or medical procedures. Option B, preparing the child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure by demonstrating it on a stuffed animal, is an appropriate intervention. This technique allows the child to understand what will happen, reduces fear of the unknown, and promotes a sense of control. By using a stuffed animal as a teaching tool, the nurse can provide clear information to the child in a non-threatening way, helping to alleviate anxiety and stress. This intervention encourages trust between the child and healthcare provider and promotes a positive healthcare experience for the pediatric patient.