A nurse is assessing a patient with a history of stroke. The nurse should prioritize monitoring for which of the following?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Patients with a history of stroke are at increased risk for DVT due to immobility and vascular damage. Monitoring for DVT is crucial to prevent life-threatening complications like pulmonary embolism. Acute renal failure (A) is not directly related to stroke and is not a common complication. Pneumonia (C) may occur but is not the highest priority compared to DVT. Hypertension (D) is important to monitor but is not the priority in this case as DVT poses a more immediate risk to the patient's health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because monitoring kidney function with regular laboratory tests is crucial in managing CKD. Regular testing helps identify changes in kidney function early, allowing for timely interventions to prevent complications. Administering diuretics (choice A) may worsen kidney function. Encouraging weight loss (choice B) may be necessary, but monitoring kidney function takes precedence. Encouraging the patient to limit fluid intake (choice D) may be necessary in some cases, but it is not the priority intervention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Shortness of breath and weight gain. In chronic heart failure, fluid overload can lead to pulmonary congestion, causing shortness of breath. Weight gain is also a key sign of fluid retention. Increased urine output and hypotension (choice B) are more indicative of dehydration. Fatigue and dizziness (choice C) can be nonspecific symptoms and not directly related to fluid overload. Dry mouth and thirst (choice D) are symptoms of dehydration rather than fluid overload in chronic heart failure. Monitoring for shortness of breath and weight gain allows for early detection and intervention in managing fluid overload in patients with chronic heart failure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because stopping insulin when blood sugar is normal can lead to hyperglycemia. Choice A shows understanding of managing diabetes. Choice B indicates monitoring blood sugar, crucial for diabetes management. Choice D demonstrates adherence to medication schedule, essential for controlling blood sugar levels. Stopping insulin prematurely can disrupt the balance and result in complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pulmonary edema. In chronic heart failure, the heart cannot pump blood effectively, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs causing pulmonary edema. Monitoring for signs such as shortness of breath, wheezing, and crackles can help prevent respiratory distress. Incorrect choices: A: Hypoglycemia - Not directly related to chronic heart failure. B: Hyperkalemia - Can occur in heart failure but not a primary complication to monitor for. D: Anemia - Can be a consequence of chronic heart failure but not a primary complication to monitor for.