ATI RN
Genitourinary System Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a patient's risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI). An appropriate question to ask would be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Do you use a condom with each episode of sexual intercourse?" This question directly assesses the patient's behavior regarding condom use, providing specific information about their risk of contracting STIs. Choice A assumes knowledge without assessing behavior. Choice C assumes the patient already has an STI. Choice D assumes awareness without assessing behavior. Choice B is the most appropriate as it focuses on the specific preventive measure of condom use.
Question 2 of 5
During an examination, the nurse would expect the cervical os of a woman who has never had children to appear:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Small and round. In a woman who has never had children, the cervical os is typically small and round due to the lack of previous childbirth stretching. This is considered normal and expected in nulliparous women. A: Stellate - This is incorrect as a stellate appearance of the cervical os is more commonly associated with trauma or previous childbirth. C: As a horizontal irregular slit - This is incorrect as an irregular slit appearance is more commonly seen in women who have had children. D: Everted - This is incorrect as an everted cervical os is typically seen in conditions such as cervical ectropion or inflammation, not necessarily related to parity status.
Question 3 of 5
During a pelvic examination, the nurse notes that the patient's cervix is irregular and hard to the touch. The nurse's next best action would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Referral to a gynecologist for further examination. This is the best course of action because an irregular and hard cervix can indicate various underlying issues such as cervical dysplasia, fibroids, or cervical stenosis. A gynecologist can conduct a more thorough evaluation including additional tests like colposcopy or ultrasound to determine the cause and appropriate treatment. A: Performing a Pap smear test may not provide sufficient information about the specific condition causing the irregularity. C: Completing a cervical cancer screening may not address the immediate concern of the irregular and hard cervix. D: Completing an endometrial biopsy is not indicated for assessing cervical abnormalities, as it focuses on the endometrium rather than the cervix.
Question 4 of 5
A 30-year-old woman presents to the clinic with a complaint of a delayed period and abdominal discomfort. The nurse suspects pregnancy. Which of the following is the earliest and most reliable sign of pregnancy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Changes in breast size. This is because hormonal changes in early pregnancy can cause breast tenderness, swelling, and darkening of the areola. This typically occurs before a missed period or a positive urine pregnancy test. A missed period (choice A) is a common sign of pregnancy, but not the earliest. A positive urine pregnancy test (choice B) confirms pregnancy but may not be the earliest sign. Abdominal tenderness and bloating (choice D) can occur due to various reasons and are not specific to pregnancy. Therefore, changes in breast size are the earliest and most reliable sign of pregnancy in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is the correct order of structures that transport urine from the collecting ducts to the urethra?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct order of structures that transport urine is from the collecting ducts to the urethra is A: Collecting ducts, Minor calyces, Major calyces, Renal pelvis, Ureter, Urinary bladder, Urethra. This is the correct order because urine is first collected in the collecting ducts in the nephrons, then flows into the minor calyces, major calyces, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, and finally, the urethra for elimination. The other choices are incorrect because they either reverse the order of the structures or place them in a different sequence than the actual physiological process of urine transport in the urinary system.