ATI RN
Oxygenation NCLEX Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client with a suspected diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema. The nurse assesses the client for which sign that distinguishes emphysema from chronic bronchitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Emphysema is characterized by marked dyspnea due to alveolar destruction, whereas chronic bronchitis features copious sputum and cough preceding dyspnea.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following would be a contraindication to use an HME on a mechanically ventilated patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A large bronchopleural fistula causes significant air leak, making an HME (heat moisture exchanger) ineffective, unlike the other conditions which are not absolute contraindications.
Question 3 of 5
If air is breathed at 14000 ft where the barometric pressure is 450 mmHg, the alveolar oxygen tension will be:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: PAO₂ = FiO₂ (PB - PH₂O) - (PaCO₂ / RQ). At 14,000 ft, PB = 450 mmHg, PH₂O = 47 mmHg, FiO₂ = 0.21, PaCO₂ = 40 mmHg, RQ = 0.8. PAO₂ = 0.21 (450 - 47) - (40 / 0.8) = 35 mmHg.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following conditions is characterized by the irreversible destruction of alveolar walls, leading to decreased lung elasticity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: COPD (emphysema) involves irreversible alveolar destruction, reducing lung elasticity.
Question 5 of 5
Calculate the functional residual capacity (FRC) from the following results: TLC=5750 ml, IRV=3000 ml, Vt=500 ml, RV 1200 ml
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: FRC = RV + ERV. Since ERV isn't given, FRC = TLC - (IRV + Vt) = 5750 - (3000 + 500) = 2250 ml.