ATI RN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare professional is assessing a client who has postoperative atelectasis and is hypoxic. Which of the following manifestations should the healthcare professional expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Intercostal retractions. In postoperative atelectasis, there is a collapse of lung tissue leading to decreased oxygen exchange and hypoxia. Intercostal retractions indicate increased work of breathing as the body tries to compensate for the decreased lung function. Bradycardia and bradypnea are not typically associated with hypoxia but rather with decreased oxygen delivery to tissues. Lethargy is a nonspecific symptom and may not directly correlate with hypoxia in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A client with COPD is developing a plan of care. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Instruct the client to use pursed-lip breathing. Pursed-lip breathing helps improve ventilation and decrease air trapping in clients with COPD, enhancing oxygenation and reducing shortness of breath. It also facilitates better gas exchange and can help the client manage their symptoms effectively. A: Restricting fluid intake is not typically indicated for clients with COPD unless they have comorbid conditions that require fluid restriction. B: Providing a low-protein diet is not a standard intervention for COPD management. Protein is important for muscle strength and repair in these clients. C: While exercise and activity are beneficial for clients with COPD, instructing them to do so specifically in the early-morning hours is not a priority intervention compared to pursed-lip breathing.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Barrel. In COPD, the chest becomes barrel-shaped due to hyperinflation of the lungs. This results in an increased anterior-posterior chest diameter, giving it a rounded appearance. This shape is characteristic of COPD as the hyperinflation causes the rib cage to remain partially expanded at all times. A: Pigeon – This shape is not associated with COPD and is not a typical finding in respiratory conditions. B: Funnel – This shape is not associated with COPD and is more commonly seen in conditions like pectus excavatum. C: Kyphotic – This shape refers to an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine, not the chest shape itself.
Question 4 of 5
A client has burns to his face, ears, and eyelids. What is the priority finding for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Difficulty swallowing. This is the priority finding to report because burns to the face, ears, and eyelids can lead to swelling, which can compromise the airway and cause difficulty swallowing or breathing. This finding indicates a potential airway obstruction, which requires immediate intervention to ensure the client's airway remains patent. Incorrect choices: A: Urinary output of 25 mL/hr - While monitoring urinary output is important, it is not the priority in this situation. C: Heart rate of 122/min - An elevated heart rate can be a response to pain and stress, but it is not the priority over airway concerns. D: Pain level of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 - Pain management is important but not as critical as ensuring airway patency in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
During an admission assessment of a client with COPD and emphysema complaining of a frequent productive cough and shortness of breath, what assessment finding should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest. In COPD and emphysema, the lungs lose their elasticity, causing the chest to become barrel-shaped with an increased anteroposterior diameter. This occurs due to hyperinflation of the lungs. This finding is known as "barrel chest" and is a classic sign of advanced COPD. A: Respiratory alkalosis is not typically associated with COPD and emphysema. C: An oxygen saturation level of 96% is within the normal range and does not specifically relate to the assessment findings in COPD and emphysema. D: Petechiae on the chest are not typically associated with COPD and emphysema; they may be indicative of other conditions such as bleeding disorders.