A nurse is assessing a client who has an obstruction of the common bile duct resulting from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fatty stools. Common bile duct obstruction leads to inadequate bile flow into the intestines, resulting in malabsorption of fats. This causes fatty stools due to the presence of undigested fats. Straw-colored urine (B) is a normal finding. Tenderness in the left upper abdomen (C) is more indicative of splenic issues. Ecchymosis of the extremities (D) is unrelated to common bile duct obstruction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the coronary ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm. This ligament forms part of the peritoneal ligaments that secure the liver to the diaphragm, supporting its position in the abdominal cavity. The other choices are incorrect because: B) The liver is attached to the anterior abdominal wall by the falciform ligament, not the coronary ligament. C) The colon is attached to the posterior body wall by the mesocolon, not the coronary ligament. D) The lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal end of the duodenum are attached to the liver and diaphragm by the lesser omentum, not the coronary ligament.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: amylase, maltose. Amylase is the digestive enzyme present in saliva that breaks down starch into maltose. When you suck on bread, the amylase in saliva starts breaking down the starch molecules into maltose, which is a sugar that tastes sweet. Option A is incorrect because amylase breaks down starch into maltose, not glucose. Option B is incorrect because pepsin is a stomach enzyme that breaks down proteins, not starch. Option D is incorrect because maltase is an enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down maltose into glucose, not the enzyme present in saliva.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: heartburn. This is because heartburn is the common term for the painful or burning sensation in the chest caused by acid reflux in the esophagus. A peptic ulcer (A) and a duodenal ulcer (D) are sores in the stomach or small intestine, not specific to the chest area. Angina (C) is chest pain related to heart issues, not specifically caused by acid reflux. Therefore, B is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: bile canaliculi. Hepatocytes produce bile, which is then secreted into bile canaliculi within the liver. From there, bile flows into bile ducts and eventually reaches the gallbladder or small intestine. The other options are incorrect because bile is not secreted directly into the hepatic portal vein (A), hepatic sinusoid (C), or lacteal (D). The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver, the hepatic sinusoid is a type of blood vessel within the liver, and lacteals are lymphatic vessels in the small intestine.