ATI RN
Assessment of Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 40-year-old woman with a history of multiple sexual partners. She expresses concern about the risk of developing cervical cancer. The nurse would tell the patient that the main risk factor for cervical cancer is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: HPV infection. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main risk factor for cervical cancer as it is responsible for causing most cases of cervical cancer. Step 1: HPV is a sexually transmitted infection commonly spread through sexual activity, making it more likely in individuals with multiple sexual partners. Step 2: Chronic cervicitis, choice C, is an inflammation of the cervix but is not a direct cause of cervical cancer. Step 3: Pregnancy, choice D, is not a primary risk factor for cervical cancer. Step 4: Increased number of sexual partners, choice A, is indirectly related as it increases the likelihood of HPV exposure, but HPV infection itself is the key risk factor.
Question 2 of 5
Certain food sources provide more urea than others. Which of the following foods would provide the most urea that would have to be filtered out of the blood via the kidneys?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Proteins, such as meats and eggs. Proteins are broken down into amino acids in the body, and excess amino acids are converted into urea by the liver. Urea is a waste product that needs to be filtered out by the kidneys. Meats and eggs are rich sources of protein, hence they would provide the most urea to be filtered out. Grains (A), fruits (C), and oils (D) do not contain as much protein as meats and eggs, so they would not produce as much urea for the kidneys to filter out.
Question 3 of 5
___________ is the site of blood filtration in the human body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The kidney. The kidney is the site of blood filtration in the human body, specifically in the nephrons where waste products are removed and filtered blood is returned to circulation. The heart (A) pumps blood, the small intestine (C) aids in digestion, and the lung (D) is responsible for gas exchange. The kidney is uniquely designed for blood filtration through its specialized structures like glomeruli and tubules.
Question 4 of 5
During examination of the scrotum, a normal finding would be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is a normal anatomical variation for the left testicle to hang lower than the right due to the longer length of the left spermatic cord. This is called the "cremasteric reflex." Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the testicles should feel similar in firmness, size, and tenderness on examination.
Question 5 of 5
This antitubercular drug has penetration to the CSF equal to plasma concentration, of which it is highly useful in meningeal TB:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Pyrazinamide has excellent penetration into CSF due to its small molecular size and lipid solubility. 2. This characteristic makes it highly effective in treating meningeal tuberculosis. 3. Isoniazid, Rifampicin, and Ethambutol do not have the same level of CSF penetration as Pyrazinamide. 4. Isoniazid is primarily metabolized in the liver, Rifampicin has poor CSF penetration, and Ethambutol has limited penetration. 5. Therefore, Pyrazinamide is the most suitable choice for treating meningeal TB due to its ability to reach therapeutic concentrations in the CSF. Summary of incorrect choices: A. Isoniazid is metabolized in the liver and does not have equal penetration to CSF. B. Rifampicin has poor penetration into CSF compared to Pyrazinamide. C. Ethambutol has limited penetration to CS