ATI RN
foundation of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A nurse is asked how many kcal per gram fats provided. How should the nurse answer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fats, also known as lipids, are the most calorie-dense nutrient, providing 9 kcal per gram. This high calorie content is due to the structure of fats, which contain more carbon-hydrogen bonds, making them more energy-dense compared to carbohydrates and proteins. Carbohydrates and proteins, on the other hand, provide 4 kcal per gram each. This makes fats an important source of energy in the diet, but they should be consumed in moderation to maintain a healthy balance of nutrients.
Question 2 of 9
A patient with no prenatal care delivers a healthy male infant via the vaginal route, with minimal blood loss. During the labor period, vital signs were normal. At birth, significant maternal hypertension is noted. When the patient is questioned, she relates that there is history of heart disease in her family; but, that she has never been treated for hypertension. Blood pressure is treated in the hospital setting and the patient is discharged. The patient returns at her scheduled 6-week checkup and is found to be hypertensive. Which type of hypertension is the patient is exhibiting?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient in this scenario exhibits signs of chronic hypertension, particularly due to the history of heart disease in her family, the postpartum persistence of elevated blood pressure, and the diagnosis of hypertension at the 6-week checkup. While pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia can occur during pregnancy, they typically resolve within a few weeks after delivery. The fact that the patient's hypertension persists beyond the postpartum period suggests that she likely had preexisting, undiagnosed chronic hypertension. Therefore, option D is the most appropriate choice in this case.
Question 3 of 9
An older adult patient has been diagnosed with macular degeneration and the nurse is assessing him for changes in visual acuity since his last clinic visit. When assessing the patient for recent changes in visual acuity, the patient states that he sees the lines on an Amsler grid as being distorted. What is the nurses most appropriate response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Distorted lines on an Amsler grid can be an indication of changes in central vision, which is commonly seen in macular degeneration. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to arrange for the patient to visit his ophthalmologist promptly for further evaluation and management. The ophthalmologist will be able to determine the severity of the visual changes, provide appropriate treatment options, and closely monitor the progression of macular degeneration. This proactive approach ensures that the patient receives timely and specialized care for his condition. Options A, B, and D do not directly address the urgency of the situation and the need for specialized ophthalmologic evaluation in cases of macular degeneration.
Question 4 of 9
A 60-year-old patient with a diagnosis of prostate cancer is scheduled to have an interstitial implant for high-dose radiation (HDR). What safety measure should the nurse include in this patients subsequent plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient undergoing interstitial implant for high-dose radiation (HDR) for prostate cancer will emit radiation that poses a risk to others. Limiting the time that visitors spend at the patient's bedside is essential to minimize their exposure to radiation. It is important to follow safety measures to protect both the patient and others from potential harm. Other options such as teaching the patient to perform basic care independently, assigning male nurses, or situating the patient in a shared room with other brachytherapy patients do not directly address the safety concern of radiation exposure to visitors.
Question 5 of 9
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for apatient who is going home with a guaiac test. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further education?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The statement "If I get a blue color that means the test is negative" given by the patient indicates the need for further education. This is incorrect information because a blue color in the guaiac test indicates a positive result, which means the presence of fecal occult blood. The patient should be taught that a positive result indicates the need for further evaluation and follow-up with their healthcare provider. Proper understanding of the test results is vital to ensure accurate interpretation and appropriate management. Further clarification and education are necessary to correct this misconception and guide the patient towards understanding the significance of a positive result.
Question 6 of 9
A patients daughter has asked the nurse about helping him end his terrible suffering. The nurse is aware of the ANA Position Statement on Assisted Suicide, which clearly states that nursing participation in assisted suicide is a violation of the Code for Nurses. What does the Position Statement further stress?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ANA Position Statement on Assisted Suicide stresses the importance of identifying patient and family concerns and fears. This reflects the nurse's responsibility to provide holistic care and support to patients and their families who may be struggling with end-of-life decisions. By identifying concerns and fears, the nurse can address these issues through compassionate communication, education, and appropriate interventions. This proactive approach aligns with the ethical principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence in nursing practice.
Question 7 of 9
A nurse is examining a patient who has been diagnosed with a fibroadenoma. The nurse should recognize what implication of this patients diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A fibroadenoma is a benign breast tumor commonly found in young women. In most cases, a fibroadenoma does not require radiation therapy. However, the patient might be referred for a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and rule out any potential malignancy. While fibroadenomas can be related to hormonal changes in the body, they are not directly linked to the use of oral contraceptives. Recognizing this implication of the patient's diagnosis is essential for providing appropriate care and follow-up.
Question 8 of 9
A nurse is teaching a health class about colorectalcancer. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. A risk factor is smoking: Smoking has been identified as a risk factor for colorectal cancer. It is important for the nurse to include this information during the teaching session to emphasize the importance of smoking cessation in reducing the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
Question 9 of 9
A preceptor is working with a new nurse on documentation.Which situation will cause the preceptor to follow up?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The preceptor would need to follow up with the new nurse for charting consecutively on every other line. This behavior is incorrect as it can lead to confusion and potential errors in documentation. Correct charting practice involves documenting consecutively, line by line without skipping lines in between. The preceptor should provide guidance and correction to ensure accurate and organized documentation for patient care.