ATI RN
ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical Questions
Question 1 of 5
When admitting a client with active tuberculosis to a room on a medical-surgical unit, which of the following room assignments should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a room with air exhaust directly to the outdoor environment. This is to prevent the spread of tuberculosis to other patients and healthcare workers. Tuberculosis is an airborne disease, so proper ventilation is crucial. Choice B is incorrect as placing the client with another nonsurgical client may increase the risk of transmission. Choice C is not ideal as the ICU may have other vulnerable patients. Choice D is also incorrect as the proximity to the nurses' station does not address the need for proper ventilation to prevent the spread of tuberculosis.
Question 2 of 5
A client has returned from the surgical suite following surgery for a fractured mandible with intermaxillary fixation. Which of the following actions is the priority for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prevent aspiration. This is the priority because with intermaxillary fixation, the client is unable to open their mouth, increasing the risk of aspiration. Aspiration can lead to serious complications, such as pneumonia. Ensuring the client's airway is clear and they are able to breathe properly should be the top priority. Summary: - B: Ensuring adequate nutrition can be important, but preventing aspiration takes precedence. - C: Promoting oral hygiene is important but not as urgent as preventing aspiration. - D: Relieving the client's pain is essential, but ensuring their safety from aspiration is the priority.
Question 3 of 5
A client has a new diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Weakness. Myasthenia gravis is characterized by muscle weakness due to an autoimmune attack on neuromuscular junctions. Monitoring for weakness is essential to assess disease progression and response to treatment. Confusion (A) is not a typical manifestation of myasthenia gravis. Increased intracranial pressure (C) is more commonly associated with conditions like head trauma or brain tumors. Increased urinary output (D) is not directly related to myasthenia gravis and is more indicative of conditions affecting the kidneys or fluid balance.
Question 4 of 5
During an assessment, a client with a long history of smoking and suspected laryngeal cancer will most likely report which early manifestation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hoarseness. Hoarseness is a common early manifestation of laryngeal cancer due to vocal cord involvement. Smoking is a major risk factor for laryngeal cancer. Dysphagia (choice A) is more commonly associated with esophageal cancer. Dyspnea (choice C) is usually a late manifestation of laryngeal cancer when it causes airway obstruction. Weight loss (choice D) may occur later in the disease progression but is not typically an early sign. Thus, hoarseness is the most likely early manifestation due to its direct connection to the vocal cords and smoking history.
Question 5 of 5
While caring for a client with extensive partial and full-thickness burns of the head, neck, and chest, which risk should the nurse prioritize for assessment and intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Airway obstruction. This should be prioritized because burns to the head, neck, and chest can lead to swelling and inflammation, potentially compromising the airway. Maintaining a clear airway is crucial for oxygenation and ventilation. If the airway becomes obstructed, it can quickly lead to respiratory distress or failure. Assessing for signs of airway compromise and intervening promptly is essential to prevent serious complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while infection, fluid imbalance, and paralytic ileus are also important considerations in burn care, they are not as immediately life-threatening as airway obstruction in this case. Infection can be managed with appropriate wound care, fluid imbalance can be addressed with fluid resuscitation, and paralytic ileus can be treated with medications and bowel management strategies.