A nurse interacts with a newly hospitalized patient. Select the nurse's comment that applies the communication technique of "offering self."

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because offering to sit with the patient shows empathy and a willingness to provide support. By expressing a desire to help the patient feel comfortable and open up, the nurse is effectively using the communication technique of "offering self." This approach creates a safe space for the patient to share their feelings and concerns. Choice A is incorrect because sharing personal experiences can shift the focus away from the patient's needs. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on the patient's thoughts without offering support or empathy. Choice C is incorrect because it lacks personal engagement and does not actively offer the nurse's presence for support.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ego. The ability to form mutually satisfying relationships is a function of the ego in Freud's personality structure. The ego mediates between the id's instinctual drives and the superego's moral constraints, allowing individuals to interact with others in a socially acceptable manner. The ego helps balance personal desires with societal norms, enabling individuals to navigate relationships effectively. Incorrect Choices: A: Defense mechanisms - Defense mechanisms are strategies used by the ego to manage anxiety and protect the individual from distressing thoughts or feelings. While defense mechanisms play a role in coping with conflicts, they are not directly responsible for forming satisfying relationships. B: Unconscious - The unconscious contains repressed thoughts, memories, and desires that influence behavior. Although the unconscious plays a significant role in shaping personality, the ability to form satisfying relationships is not solely attributed to the unconscious. C: Id - The id represents innate, primal drives seeking immediate gratification. While the id influences behavior and desires, it is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary prevention. In an emergency department, nurses focus on early detection and treatment of health issues to prevent complications. This aligns with secondary prevention, which aims to identify and treat diseases in their early stages to prevent further harm. Primary prevention (A) focuses on preventing the onset of diseases, which is not the main role in an emergency department. Tertiary prevention (C) involves managing and reducing the impact of ongoing diseases, which is not the immediate priority in the emergency setting. Preventive activities (D) is a vague term that could encompass primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention efforts, but in this context, secondary prevention is the most relevant for emergency department nurses.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Resilience. Christopher's ability to form positive relationships, excel in school, and maintain high academic performance despite experiencing neglect indicates resilience. Resilience refers to the ability to adapt positively in the face of adversity. His behavior shows that he is able to overcome his challenging circumstances and thrive. Temperament (A) refers to inherent traits that influence behavior, genetic factors (B) may play a role but do not fully explain his response, and the paradoxical effects of neglect (D) are not the strongest explanation in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pre-interaction phase. In this phase, the nurse is preparing to meet the client, gathering information, and examining personal feelings and biases. By exploring feelings about working with an abused woman, the nurse is engaging in self-reflection and preparing to approach the interaction with awareness and sensitivity. The other choices are incorrect because in the orientation phase the nurse establishes rapport, in the working phase interventions are implemented, and in the termination phase the nurse evaluates outcomes and prepares for closure, none of which align with exploring personal feelings before meeting the client.