ATI RN
Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in the newborn nursery is monitoring a preterm newborn infant for respiratory distress syndrome. Which assessment signs if noted in the newborn infant would alert the nurse to the possibility of this syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), also known as hyaline membrane disease, is a condition commonly seen in preterm newborn infants. The two classic signs of RDS are tachypnea (rapid breathing) and retractions. Tachypnea is defined as a respiratory rate greater than 60 breaths per minute in newborn infants. Retractions refer to visible indrawing of the chest wall with each breath, indicating increased work of breathing. These signs are indicative of the infant's struggle to breathe and can suggest the presence of RDS. While acrocyanosis (bluish discoloration of the extremities) and grunting may also be present in infants with RDS, tachypnea and retractions are more specific indicators of respiratory distress. Hypotension and bradycardia are not common signs of RDS. The presence of a barrel chest with grunting is not specific
Question 2 of 5
All the following are Test results seen in JRA EXCEPT :
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), previously known as Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA), is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects children. In JIA, common test results include an increase in ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate), positive RF (Rheumatoid Factor), and positive IgM & IgG antibodies. However, a positive CA 9 result is not typically associated with JRA. CA 9 (Carbonic Anhydrase 9) is not a commonly used marker for diagnosing or monitoring JIA, so it would not be expected to be seen in test results for this condition.
Question 3 of 5
In Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), all the following manifestations are at high risk of mortality in patients EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lung involvement, while serious, is less lethal compared to liver, spleen, or hematopoietic system involvement.
Question 4 of 5
A 3-week-old neonate is brought to the emergency department because of a three-day history of intermittent vomiting. His mother reports that he has not urinated for eight hours. On physical examination, his eyes are sunken. Which of the following will MOST likely require correction before surgery is performed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypochloremia is often associated with dehydration and metabolic alkalosis, which may need correction before surgery.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following malignancies is least likely to occur in a 10-month-old infant?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatoblastoma is rare in infants under 1 year old, being more common in toddlers.