A nurse has decided to increase the evidence base of current nursing practice in an agency. Which of the following describes a barrier that could be encountered by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Colleagues lacking skills in searching literature or critiquing research can hinder the nurse's efforts to increase evidence-based practice. 2. Lack of research skills can lead to difficulty in finding and evaluating relevant evidence. 3. This barrier directly impacts the nurse's ability to enhance the evidence base of practice in the agency. Summary: B: Dedication to history and tradition does not necessarily impede evidence-based practice; in fact, it can be complementary. C: While a lack of research in the clinical area is a challenge, it is not a barrier that prevents the nurse from actively seeking evidence. D: Inconsistent meta-analyses can present challenges, but they do not directly impede the nurse's efforts to increase the evidence base through literature review and critique.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intervention. In a PICOT question, the intervention refers to the treatment or exposure being studied. In this case, "zinc supplementation" is the specific intervention being compared to vitamin C supplementation. The population refers to the group being studied, which is adult men in this question. The comparison is the alternative to the intervention being studied, which is vitamin C supplementation in this case. The outcome is the result or effect of the intervention, which in this question is reducing the length of respiratory viral infections over six months. So, "zinc supplementation" falls under the intervention component of the PICOT question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cochrane Library. The Cochrane Library is known for regularly updated systematic reviews. Nurses use systematic reviews to provide evidence-based practice. AHRQ (B) focuses on healthcare quality improvement, not systematic reviews. Medline with Full Text (C) is a comprehensive medical database, but it doesn't specialize in systematic reviews. CINAHL (D) is a nursing and allied health database, but it doesn't specifically focus on systematic reviews like the Cochrane Library does.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it specifies the exact population the nurse is targeting - high school students in the rural community who smoke. This ensures the study focuses on a specific group, making it easier to design effective interventions. Choice A is too broad, not specifying the population of interest. Choice B is too general, including all community members who smoke. Choice C is also too broad, not focusing on the subgroup of interest. By choosing answer D, the nurse can tailor interventions specifically for high school students in the rural community who smoke, increasing the study's relevance and potential impact.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: During the evaluation phase of EBDM, the nurse would determine the effectiveness of the plan. This involves assessing whether the implemented plan achieved the desired outcomes based on the evidence gathered. This step is crucial in determining the success of the decision-making process and informing future actions. Choice A (Carrying out the proposed plan) is incorrect as it pertains to the implementation phase, not evaluation. Choice B (Deciding if the evidence is applicable to the population) is incorrect as this is part of the critical appraisal phase, not evaluation. Choice D (Compiling the data) is incorrect as it is typically done in the earlier stages of EBDM to gather evidence, not during the evaluation phase.