ATI RN
Nursing Care of Vulnerable Populations Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse has been making ongoing visits to a preschool to help the staff teach the children important skills, such as brushing their teeth after meals. Now the nurse is scheduled to teach carbohydrate counting to adults newly diagnosed with diabetes. What will the nurse need to do differently for this audience? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Appeal to the need for autonomy and choice. For adults newly diagnosed with diabetes, it is crucial to empower them by appealing to their need for autonomy and choice. By involving them in decision-making and goal-setting, they are more likely to take ownership of their health and adhere to the carbohydrate counting regimen. This approach fosters self-efficacy and motivation. Incorrect choices: B: Emphasizing that anyone with diabetes must know this information is not tailored to the individual needs and preferences of the adults. C: Explaining how to cope with being a guest at a dinner may not be directly related to teaching carbohydrate counting and may not address the primary learning needs of the audience. D: Recognizing that this audience will depend on the instructor to set goals for learning undermines the importance of empowering the individuals to take control of their health decisions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is concerned about the high incidence of STDs in the community college population and sets up a special STD screening. Which students would not be encouraged to attend?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because students who claim to not be sexually active and do not plan to become sexually active do not fall within the target population for STD screening. The purpose of the screening is to identify and provide treatment for individuals who are at risk of or already have STDs due to their sexual activity. Since these students are not engaging in sexual activity, they are not at risk for STDs and therefore do not need to attend the screening. Students in choices A and B should be encouraged to attend the screening as they are sexually active and could benefit from the early detection and treatment of STDs. Choice D is also incorrect as being sexually active, regardless of the extent of sexual activity, still puts individuals at risk for STDs and they should be encouraged to attend the screening as well.
Question 3 of 5
The nursing staff has worked very hard this year in trying to screen essentially the entire African- American population in the community for diabetes. How can the success of the nursing staff's efforts be immediately verified?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The prevalence of diabetes will decrease in the community. This is because successful screening efforts will lead to early detection and treatment of diabetes, ultimately reducing the overall prevalence of the disease in the community. A and B are incorrect because they suggest negative outcomes (epidemic and increase in incidence) which would indicate failure of the screening efforts. D is incorrect because an increase in risk for diabetes would not be a direct measure of the nursing staff's success in screening the population.
Question 4 of 5
A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. What is the attack rate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The attack rate is the proportion of people who became ill after exposure to a specific food item. In this case, the attack rate is calculated by dividing the number of people who developed symptoms (63) by the total number of people who ate the potato salad (70), then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage. Therefore, the correct answer is A (63%). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the attack rate calculated from the given data. Choice B (70%) is the total number of people who ate the potato salad, not the proportion who got sick. Choices C (90%) and D (100%) are higher than the total number of people who ate the salad, making them invalid attack rate percentages.
Question 5 of 5
Which model would be helpful to the nurse in examining all the various factors that can lead to disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epidemiologic triangle. This model helps the nurse examine the interplay between the host, agent, and environment in disease causation. The host represents the individual, the agent is the factor causing the disease, and the environment includes external factors. By using this model, the nurse can assess all contributing factors comprehensively. - B: Health promotion focuses on promoting health rather than disease causation. - C: Levels of prevention refers to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, not the examination of disease factors. - D: Natural history of disease explains the progression of a disease, but does not consider all factors leading to disease causation.