A nurse gives detailed information on how to apply for Medicaid to a new mother who moved to the United States from Russia about 10 years ago. The nurse's next client is an African-American mother of newborn twins who worked until the children were born. The nurse knows the woman is eligible to maintain her insurance after her employment was lost and does not discuss insurance options at all. Which of the following errors is being made by the nurse?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Overt unintentional prejudice. The nurse's action of not discussing insurance options with the African-American mother implies a bias or assumption that the mother may not need or qualify for assistance, which is a form of prejudice. The prejudice is overt because it is evident in the nurse's behavior, but it is unintentional because the nurse may not be consciously aware of their bias. This error highlights the importance of cultural competence and avoiding assumptions based on race or ethnicity. A: Covert intentional prejudice - This choice does not apply as the nurse's actions are not intentionally discriminatory. B: Covert unintentional prejudice - This choice does not apply as the nurse's bias is evident in their behavior. C: Overt intentional prejudice - This choice does not apply as the nurse's actions are not intentional acts of discrimination.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Order a kosher meal for the client. This is because kosher dietary laws dictate specific guidelines for food preparation and consumption in Judaism. By ordering a kosher meal, the nurse ensures that the client's nutritional needs are met in accordance with their religious beliefs. B: Asking the client about their dietary preferences is not specific to meeting the nutritional needs of a Jewish client who follows kosher dietary laws. C: Having the meal served on paper plates does not address the specific dietary requirements of a Jewish client who follows kosher laws. D: Consulting with the dietitian may be helpful for general nutritional guidance, but specific knowledge of kosher dietary laws is required to meet the needs of a Jewish client.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pay attention to the client's nonverbal cues. This is essential when communicating with someone from a different culture as nonverbal cues can vary widely across cultures. By observing the client's body language, facial expressions, and gestures, the nurse can better understand their feelings and intentions. This helps in building rapport and showing respect for the client's communication style. Choice A (Using touch as a therapeutic tool) can be inappropriate in some cultures where touch may not be welcomed or may have different meanings. Choice B (Sit close to the client) may invade personal space depending on the cultural norms. Choice D (Maintain eye contact even if the client does not) can be misinterpreted as aggressive or disrespectful in some cultures where avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Future time orientation. This is because regular exercise for a client diagnosed with hypertension focuses on preventing future health complications. By engaging in regular exercise, the client is looking towards improving their future health outcomes and managing their condition effectively. A: Past time orientation is incorrect as it would imply a focus on previous actions rather than future prevention. B: Present time orientation is incorrect as it implies a focus on current actions rather than future health benefits. C: Future time orientation is the correct choice as it aligns with the goal of preventing future health issues through regular exercise.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it is the most culturally sensitive and inclusive question. By asking about medications, herbs, and home treatments, the nurse acknowledges and respects the individual's cultural beliefs and practices regarding healthcare. This approach promotes open communication and understanding. A: This question assumes the individual has used over-the-counter medications, which may not align with their cultural practices. C: This question may come off as accusatory or judgmental, potentially leading to a breakdown in communication. D: This question is not relevant to the individual's healthcare needs and focuses on their work environment rather than their health.