ATI RN
Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse develops a new nursing theory related to stress and viability. The nurse determines the theory accounts for historical events in which soldiers suffering from the stress of inadequate clothing to protect them from the cold and lack of correspondence from home had an increased mortality related to gunshot wounds. The theory will predict gunshot victims' need for proper clothing and letters from significant others as they serve in Iraq. Which criterion for theory acceptance is being validated?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Accuracy. The nurse's theory is being validated based on its ability to accurately predict the need for proper clothing and letters from significant others for soldiers serving in Iraq. This criterion is essential for theory acceptance as it demonstrates the theory's ability to make accurate predictions based on historical events. Inclusiveness (A) refers to the theory's ability to encompass a wide range of phenomena, which is not explicitly demonstrated in this scenario. Consistency (B) refers to the theory's internal coherence and agreement with existing knowledge, which is not the focus of the nurse's validation process in this case. Simplicity (D) refers to the theory's clarity and parsimony, which is not the primary criterion being validated here. In summary, accuracy is the most relevant criterion being validated in this scenario as the nurse's theory is being assessed based on its predictive accuracy in relation to the soldiers' needs in Iraq.
Question 2 of 5
A public health nurse is interested in determining which educational programs are needed in the aggregates served. The researcher personally interviews individuals who are walking on the streets in the community. This type of research design is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: survey. In this scenario, the nurse is conducting personal interviews with individuals to gather information about educational program needs. Surveys involve collecting data from a sample of individuals through questioning, making it suitable for this situation. A: Quasi-experimental designs involve manipulation of variables and comparison of groups, which is not evident in this scenario. C: Case studies focus on in-depth analysis of a single case or a small group, not the entire community as in this case. D: Ethnography involves studying a group's culture and behavior over an extended period, which is not the main focus of the nurse's research.
Question 3 of 5
The research hypothesis is that aromatherapy reduces stress more effectively than does acupuncture. The researcher does not identify a control group. This study would be a(n) design.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: experimental design. In an experimental design, the researcher manipulates one variable (aromatherapy vs. acupuncture) to observe its effect on another variable (stress). Without a control group, it is impossible to establish a baseline for comparison. A control group is essential to isolate the effects of the treatment from other variables. Quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment, surveys are used to gather data rather than test hypotheses, and meta-analyses involve combining and analyzing results from multiple studies.
Question 4 of 5
Nurses on a busy medical schedule want to reduce documentation time and improve order entry. Additionally, patient records from previous visits are often incomplete or do not include care from other providers. To improve patient care, a taskforce suggests using an Electronic Medical Record for 1 month to determine whether this provides the desired outcomes. This unit is participating in which type of study?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pilot. A pilot study involves testing a new intervention on a small scale to assess feasibility and potential outcomes before implementing it on a larger scale. In this case, the unit is planning to use an Electronic Medical Record for a limited time to evaluate its impact on documentation time and patient care. This approach allows for targeted feedback and adjustments based on the outcomes observed during the trial period. A: Ethnography involves in-depth observation and analysis of a specific culture or group, which is not the focus of the scenario. C: Secondary data analysis involves the use of existing data for research purposes, not the implementation of a new intervention. D: Phenomenology focuses on understanding individuals' subjective experiences, which is not the primary goal of implementing an Electronic Medical Record in this case.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is interested in studying the rituals of a tribe living in remote areas of AfricThe researcher is accepted into the tribe and observes firsthand the rituals practiced. Themes were analyzed to arrive at a description of the culture including rituals. The nurse is practicing which type of research?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Qualitative, Ethnography. Ethnography involves studying a culture through direct observation and interaction, which aligns with the nurse's approach of observing the tribe's rituals firsthand. This type of research focuses on understanding cultural practices and behaviors in their natural context, making it suitable for studying the tribe's rituals. Choice B: Qualitative, Phenomenology focuses on exploring individuals' lived experiences and perceptions, not cultural practices like rituals. Choice C: Quantitative, Quasi-experimental involves manipulating variables in controlled settings, not ethnographic observation. Choice D: Quantitative, Secondary data analysis involves analyzing existing numerical data, not direct observation of cultural rituals.