ATI RN
Psychobiological Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse counsels a patient on ways to determine the person's total sleep requirement. Which instruction would produce the most accurate results?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: 1. By going to bed at the usual time, the patient maintains their regular sleep schedule, minimizing external factors that could affect sleep duration. 2. Waking up without an alarm allows the patient's body to naturally wake up, indicating when they have had sufficient rest. 3. Recording the hours slept for a week and calculating the average provides a more accurate estimate of their total sleep requirement. 4. This method is practical, easy to follow, and directly measures the individual's sleep needs. Summary of other choices: A: Dream content and related feelings do not directly measure sleep requirement. C: Alertness rating may fluctuate due to other factors, not solely sleep duration. D: Prescribing a fixed amount of sleep for all adults does not account for individual variability in sleep needs.
Question 2 of 5
A patient tells the nurse, Everyone says we should sleep 8 hours a night. I can only sleep 6 hours, no matter how hard I try. Am I doing harm to my body? Select the nurse's best response.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Short sleepers are individuals who naturally require less sleep (around 6 hours) and still function well. By acknowledging the possibility that the patient is a short sleeper, the nurse normalizes the situation and alleviates any concerns about potential harm from only sleeping 6 hours. This response shows understanding and validation of the patient's unique sleep pattern. Choice A focuses on strategies to increase sleep without considering the possibility of being a short sleeper. Choice B implies harm from lack of sleep, which may not apply to short sleepers. Choice C suggests consulting a healthcare provider without considering the individual's natural sleep needs.
Question 3 of 5
A night shift worker reports, I'm having trouble getting to sleep after a night's work. I have a hearty breakfast with coffee, read the paper, do my exercises, and then go to bed. However, I just lie awake until it is nearly time to get up to be with my family for dinner. What changes should the nurse suggest? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Drink juice with breakfast rather than coffee. Coffee contains caffeine, which can interfere with sleep. By switching to juice, the night shift worker can avoid the stimulating effects of caffeine and potentially improve their ability to fall asleep. Juice can also provide hydration and essential nutrients without the sleep-disrupting properties of coffee. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: B: Exercise after awakening rather than before - While exercising before bed can be stimulating and interfere with sleep, exercising after awakening may not directly address the issue of sleeplessness after a night shift. C: Turn on the television when going to bed - Watching TV before bed can be stimulating and disrupt sleep patterns, so this choice would likely not help the night shift worker with their sleep troubles. D: Do not read the paper - Reading the paper before bed may be a relaxing activity for some individuals and may not directly contribute to the difficulty in falling asleep after a night shift. It is not as impactful as changing the source of
Question 4 of 5
A 15-year-old was placed in a residential program after truancy, running away, and an arrest for theft. At the program, the adolescent refused to join in planned activities and pushed a staff member, causing a fall. Which approach by nursing staff will be most therapeutic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct approach, establishing firm limits (B), is the most therapeutic because it provides structure and consistency for the adolescent's behavior. By setting clear boundaries, the nursing staff creates a safe environment and helps the adolescent understand the consequences of their actions. This approach also promotes accountability and teaches appropriate behavior. Planned ignoring (A) would not be effective in this situation as the behavior exhibited by the adolescent, such as pushing a staff member, requires immediate attention and intervention. Neutrally permitting refusals (C) may result in the adolescent feeling enabled to continue displaying disruptive behavior. Coaxing to gain compliance (D) may not address the underlying issues and could potentially reinforce negative behavior patterns. Thus, establishing firm limits is the most appropriate and therapeutic approach in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
An 11-year-old diagnosed with ODD becomes angry over the rules at a residential treatment program and begins cursing at the nurse. Select the best method for the nurse to defuse the situation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because taking the child to the gym and engaging in an activity can help redirect their negative energy into a positive outlet. Physical activity can help release tension and improve mood. It also provides a distraction from the triggering situation and allows the child to calm down in a non-confrontational manner. This approach promotes positive behavior reinforcement and builds a rapport with the child. Ignoring the behavior (A) may escalate the situation. Sending the child to time-out for 2 hours (B) is excessive and may lead to further resistance. Role-playing a more appropriate behavior with the child (D) is beneficial but may not be effective in the heat of the moment.