A nurse caring for a disheveled patient with poor hygiene observes that the patient has small red lesions flush with the skin on the head and body. The patient complains of severe itching at the sites. For what should the nurse further assess the patient?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient's symptoms of small red lesions and severe itching are indicative of scabies infestation. Scabies is caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which burrows into the skin to lay eggs, leading to the characteristic burrows in the interdigital webs. Assessing for burrows is crucial for confirming a scabies diagnosis. Choice A is incorrect because nits on head hair are characteristic of head lice infestation, not scabies. Choice B is incorrect as sexually transmitted diseases typically present with different symptoms. Choice C is incorrect as ticks do not cause burrows and are not associated with scabies infestation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Antibiotics, such as cephalexin, and over-the-counter analgesics. Antibiotics are essential for treating cellulitis, as the condition is usually caused by a bacterial infection. Cephalexin is commonly used due to its effectiveness against the pathogens involved. Over-the-counter analgesics help manage pain and inflammation associated with cellulitis. A: Petrolatum and vitamins A and D ointment do not address the bacterial infection causing cellulitis and do not provide the necessary treatment. C: Weight-bearing exercises and diuretics are not appropriate for treating cellulitis, as they do not target the underlying infection. D: Wet to dry dressings and steroids are not recommended for cellulitis treatment as they do not address the bacterial infection and may even worsen the condition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: The key information here is an irritated, erythematous area on Mrs. Stevens' left hand. Step 2: The most likely cause is contact dermatitis, often triggered by changes in dish detergent. Step 3: Therefore, it is crucial to first determine if she changed her dish detergent recently. Step 4: If the detergent is the cause, changing back to the previous one can resolve the issue. Summary: - A: Food allergies usually manifest differently and are less likely to cause localized skin irritation. - B: Anaphylaxis presents with severe symptoms like difficulty breathing, not just skin irritation. - D: Strange animals are unlikely to cause localized skin irritation unless a specific allergy is known.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: apply plastic wrap occlusive dressings. This method helps enhance the penetration of the topical steroid into the skin, increasing its effectiveness. Occlusive dressings create a barrier that traps moisture and heat, promoting better absorption. Leaving the lesion open (A) would not optimize the medication's effects. Loose gauze dressings (C) may not provide sufficient occlusion. Thoroughly washing and reapplying lotion (D) four times daily would not ensure consistent steroid application or occlusion.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Would you like to have your dressing changed now or at 11:00 A.M.?" This question allows Mr. Baker to choose the timing of the dressing change, promoting his independence and control over his care. By giving him options, it respects his autonomy and preferences. Choice A is not as appropriate because it only offers one option for the timing of the dressing change, limiting Mr. Baker's control. Choice B is more focused on the method of dressing change rather than the timing, which is not directly related to promoting independence. Choice C introduces an unnecessary element of bravery and medication, which may not be relevant or respectful of Mr. Baker's autonomy in this context.