A nurse caring for a child with developmental delay prepares to teach the patient about prescribed drugs. Which actions are essential to ensure patient safety? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing the child's developmental age is crucial to tailor the teaching approach to match the child's understanding and communication abilities. By understanding the child's developmental stage, the nurse can better customize the teaching materials and methods to ensure the child comprehends the information effectively. This approach promotes patient safety by reducing the risk of medication errors or misunderstandings. Choice C is incorrect as children may experience different side effects compared to adults due to their unique physiology. Choice D is also incorrect because merely considering the actions and uses of the drug is not sufficient to ensure patient safety without taking into account the child's developmental stage.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Pregnant individuals are recommended to receive the influenza vaccine to protect both themselves and the unborn baby. 2. Pregnancy increases the risk of severe complications from influenza. 3. The vaccine is safe for pregnant women and can be given at any stage of pregnancy. 4. Influenza vaccination during pregnancy also provides passive immunity to the newborn. Summary of other choices: A: The patient who is taking care of her son with HIV - While this patient may benefit from the vaccine, it is not a direct indication for eligibility. C: The patient with an egg allergy - Most influenza vaccines are grown in eggs, making this patient ineligible for those vaccines. D: The child who is 18 months old - Children under 6 months old are too young for the influenza vaccine, and 18 months is not within the recommended age range.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Docusate sodium. It is a stool softener that is safe for use during pregnancy and helps to alleviate constipation without causing any harm to the fetus. Docusate sodium works by increasing the amount of water absorbed in the intestine, making the stool softer and easier to pass. Choice B: Magnesium citrate is a laxative that can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which can be risky during pregnancy. Choice C: Castor oil is a strong laxative that can lead to uterine contractions, potentially causing premature labor or miscarriage during pregnancy. Choice D: Mineral oil can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and should be avoided during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Contact the health care provider. When a patient receiving magnesium sulfate intravenously shows signs of hypermagnesemia such as 2+ patellar reflexes and negative ankle clonus, it indicates a potential magnesium toxicity. Contacting the healthcare provider is crucial as they can assess the situation, recommend appropriate interventions, adjust the magnesium sulfate dosage, or provide further instructions. Obtaining a stat magnesium sulfate level (choice B) may confirm the high magnesium levels but does not provide immediate guidance on managing the patient. Discontinuing magnesium sulfate (choice C) without consulting the healthcare provider can lead to abrupt changes in the patient's condition. Choice A does not address the issue of potential magnesium toxicity and is not the most appropriate action in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A) Stop smoking immediately. Rationale: Smoking can have harmful effects on both the mother and the developing fetus during pregnancy. Smoking cessation before conception can reduce the risk of complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and birth defects. Summary of Other Choices: B) Taking omega-6 fatty acids: While omega-6 fatty acids are important for overall health, there is no specific indication or benefit related to pregnancy planning in this context. C) Taking a multivitamin: While taking a multivitamin is generally recommended for overall health, there is no specific indication or benefit related to pregnancy planning in this context.