ATI RN
Epidemiology Test Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse believes a new mouth care procedure (MCP) is causing more mouth problems than it
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because having a plausible explanation of how the new MCP could cause harm is essential to confidently present concerns to administration. This step involves understanding the potential mechanisms by which the MCP may be causing issues, providing a logical basis for the observed problems. Without a clear explanation, it would be challenging to convince administration of the causal link. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect: A: Merely having certain conditions present doesn't provide a solid foundation for presenting concerns without a plausible explanation. C: Relying solely on feelings without concrete evidence or reasoning is not sufficient to support the claim. D: While consistently seeing mouth inflammation is concerning, without understanding how the MCP could be causing it, it lacks a logical basis for presenting the issue to administration.
Question 2 of 5
In which stage of disease progression would the nurse classify a client who has elevated blood pressure but no symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Subclinical stage. At this stage, the client has elevated blood pressure but no symptoms yet. This stage is characterized by the presence of disease without clinical symptoms. The client is not in the Susceptibility stage (A) because they already have elevated blood pressure. The Clinical stage (C) is characterized by the presence of symptoms, which the client does not have. The Carrier stage (D) typically refers to individuals who harbor and transmit infectious agents without showing symptoms, not related to elevated blood pressure. Therefore, the Subclinical stage best describes the client's condition in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
Which disease does the elementary school nurse identify as being spread via airborne transmission?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Measles. Measles is spread through airborne transmission via respiratory droplets. The virus is highly contagious and can remain in the air for up to two hours after an infected person has left the area. Measles outbreaks often occur in crowded places like schools. Influenza (B) is also spread through respiratory droplets, but measles is more commonly known for airborne transmission. Pertussis (C) is spread through respiratory droplets but is not primarily airborne. Pneumonia (D) is not a communicable disease spread through the air.
Question 4 of 5
Which manifestation would the nurse include when teaching about mild to moderate food poisoning at a community health fair?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dehydration. Mild to moderate food poisoning commonly leads to dehydration due to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Dehydration is a key concern as it can lead to serious complications. Incorrect choices: A: Bloody diarrhea is more indicative of severe food poisoning or infections like E. coli. B: Diarrhea lasting more than 3 days suggests a more severe case or underlying condition. D: Fever less than 102°F is not specific to food poisoning and can occur in various illnesses.
Question 5 of 5
Which is a fairly recent surprise regarding infectious diseases in the United States?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recent scientific discoveries on the infectious etiology of stomach ulcers, coronary artery disease, and cervical cancer, for example, suggest that infectious agents may be responsible for more morbidity and mortality than previously recognized. Mortality caused by infectious diseases has decreased. Endemic refers to a disease that is regularly found among people in a certain area. In our society today, there are no endemic infectious diseases. Advances in public health and health care have made it easier to control infectious diseases such as H1N1 flu.