A nurse assessing a patient with a sleep disorder documents cataplexy as a finding. Which of the following is a feature of this condition?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cataplexy, tied to narcolepsy, involves muscle weakness triggered by emotions. 'Sudden loss of motor tone that may cause the person to fall asleep; usually experienced during a period of strong emotion' is correcte.g., laughter drops a patient's jaw or knees, lasting seconds, per AASM. Choice A, 'irresistible urge to sleep,' is narcolepsy's sleep attacks, not cataplexye.g., no muscle loss. Choice C, 'nightmare or vivid hallucinations,' fits hypnagogic events, not cataplexy's waking state. Choice D, 'skeletal paralysis during transition,' describes sleep paralysis, not emotion-driven cataplexye.g., no falling asleep. A nurse might see a patient slump during joy, per Taylor's neurology. Choice B precisely defines this feature.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chronic pain's defining trait is its impact over time. 'It interferes with normal functioning' is true e.g., arthritis pain limits mobility or sleep, per Taylor's chronic pain framework, persisting beyond 3-6 months and disrupting life (e.g., work absenteeism). Choice A, 'less than 6 months,' defines acute paine.g., a sprain heals in weeks, not chronic. Choice B, 'always present and intense,' overstates; chronic pain variese.g., fibromyalgia waxes and wanes, not constant 10/10. Choice D, 'disappears with treatment,' is false; chronic pain often resists curee.g., neuropathy lingers despite drugs. For example, a patient with back pain for years might skip social events, showing functional loss, not just discomfort. Unlike acute pain's warning, chronic pain's persistence shifts focus to management (e.g., PT, meds), not resolution. Nursing recognizes its biopsychosocial toll, making Choice C the accurate statement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pain misconceptions stem from fear and myths. 'I will get addicted to pain medications' is commone.g., patients refuse opioids, fearing dependency (e.g., 30% underreport pain), per Taylor's patient education needs. Choice B, 'need to ask,' is truee.g., PRN requires it, not a misconception. Choice C, 'nurses are here to help,' aligns with caree.g., no myth here. Choice D, 'not fight without help,' is accuratee.g., support exists, not a false belief. Addiction feare.g., 'Morphine's like heroin'ignores low risk (1-2% with short-term use), per studies. Nurses counter this with factse.g., 'It's safe short-term'making Choice A the correct, prevalent misconception.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Morphine's opioid effect slows GI motility. 'Increase fluids and high-fiber foods, and use a mild laxative' is correcte.g., 2L water, prunes, and docusate prevent/treat constipation, per Taylor's management. Choice A, 'only when severe,' risks uncontrolled paine.g., cancer pain needs steady dosing. Choice C, 'enema every third day,' is invasivee.g., unnecessary vs. diet/laxatives. Choice D, 'nothing to worry about,' dismisses a real issuee.g., 50% of opioid users strain. Nurses teach proactive stepse.g., 'Drink more, try bran'balancing relief and side effects. Choice B is the practical, correct advice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Jealousy regressing to adolescence signals identity issues. 'Identity diffusion' fitse.g., unclear self-boundaries blur adult roles, per Taylor's Erikson-based disorders, reverting to immature patterns. 'Self-actualization' is growthe.g., not a disorder or jealousy. 'Depersonalization' detaches selfe.g., 'I'm unreal,' not relational. 'Lack of self-esteem' lowers worthe.g., 'I'm not good enough,' not identity confusion. Her 'high school' remarke.g., unformed adult identityshows diffusion, a nursing focus for therapy. Choice B is the correct diagnosis.