ATI RN
Peter Attia Drugs Cardiovascular PCSK9 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse assesses that a patient has fear as well as increased heart rate and blood pressure. The nurse suspects increased activity of which neurotransmitter?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Norepinephrine. Increased heart rate and blood pressure are physiological responses associated with the "fight or flight" response, which is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system. Norepinephrine is the primary neurotransmitter released by sympathetic nerve endings, leading to these physical symptoms. GABA (A) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability and would not cause increased heart rate and blood pressure. Histamine (B) is involved in allergic reactions and immune responses, not directly related to fear responses. Acetylcholine (C) is a neurotransmitter involved in muscle contractions and autonomic functions, but it does not directly modulate fear responses or increase heart rate and blood pressure in the context of fear.
Question 2 of 5
A 57-year-old woman being treated for end-stage breast cancer has been using a transdermal opioid analgesic as part of the management of pain. Lately, she has been experiencing breakthrough pain. The nurse expects this type of pain to be managed by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: administering an immediate-release opioid. Breakthrough pain in cancer patients requires a quick-acting pain relief method. Immediate-release opioids are designed to provide rapid pain relief, making them the appropriate choice in this scenario. NSAIDs (Choice A) may not be sufficient for severe cancer pain. Changing the opioid route to rectal administration (Choice C) may not provide quicker relief than transdermal opioids. Continuing the current therapy without addressing breakthrough pain (Choice D) can lead to inadequate pain control.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is presenting a substance-abuse lecture for teenage girls and is asked about “roofies.” The nurse recognizes that this is the slang term for which substance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: flunitrazepam. Flunitrazepam is commonly known as "roofies" in slang terms. Step 1: Cocaine (A) is a stimulant drug, not associated with the term "roofies." Step 2: Secobarbital (C) is a barbiturate, not commonly referred to as "roofies." Step 3: Methamphetamine (D) is a stimulant drug, not linked to the term "roofies." Therefore, flunitrazepam (B) is the correct answer due to its association with the slang term "roofies" in substance abuse contexts.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is in the emergency department with a new onset of rapid-rate atrial fibrillation, and the nurse is preparing a continuous infusion. Which drug is most appropriate for this dysrhythmia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
The prescriber has changed the patient’s medication regimen to include the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast (Singulair) to treat asthma. The nurse will emphasize which point about this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term control of asthma symptoms. Step 2: It works by blocking leukotrienes, which are responsible for inflammation and bronchoconstriction in asthma. Step 3: Taking montelukast daily maintains a consistent level in the body to effectively prevent asthma symptoms. Step 4: Even if symptoms improve, discontinuing montelukast abruptly can lead to a recurrence of symptoms. Step 5: Therefore, emphasizing the need for continuous daily use is crucial for optimal asthma management. Summary: A: Inhaler technique is not relevant for montelukast as it is taken orally, not inhaled. B: Montelukast is not a rescue medication for acute asthma attacks; it is for long-term control. D: Tapering or discontinuing montelukast without consulting the prescriber can lead to worsening of symptoms.