ATI RN
Respiratory System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse assesses a client after an open lung biopsy. Which assessment finding is matched with the correct intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reduced breath sounds after an open lung biopsy may indicate a pneumothorax, a serious complication requiring immediate attention. Calling the physician allows for prompt assessment and intervention. A: Oxygen and pulse oximetry are not the appropriate interventions for dizziness. B: Withholding pain medication based solely on heart rate is not indicated without further assessment. D: Decreasing oxygen flow rate when the respiratory rate is within normal range is unnecessary and may compromise oxygenation.
Question 2 of 5
At high altitude, the number of RBC increases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: High altitude has lower oxygen levels, causing oxygen deficiency. Step 2: The body adapts to this by increasing the number of red blood cells (RBC). Step 3: More RBCs enhance oxygen-carrying capacity, aiding in oxygen delivery. Step 4: Choice B is correct as it accurately describes the physiological response to high altitude. Summary: A: Incorrect. RBCs increase to enhance oxygen uptake, not trap oxygen. C: Incorrect. RBCs do not increase to remove more CO2 at high altitudes. D: Incorrect. RBC increase is primarily to compensate for oxygen deficiency, not to increase metabolism.
Question 3 of 5
Semilunar cartilage inside the Laryngo tracheal chamber is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arytenoid. Semilunar cartilages are located inside the laryngotracheal chamber and help maintain the patency of the airway during respiration. The arytenoid cartilages are paired, pyramid-shaped structures that sit on top of the cricoid cartilage. They play a crucial role in vocal cord movement and manipulation. Explanation of other choices: B: Cricoid cartilage is a complete ring-shaped cartilage located below the thyroid cartilage in the larynx, providing structural support to the airway. C: Sternohyal is a strap-like muscle attached to the sternum and hyoid bone, not a cartilage found in the laryngotracheal chamber. D: Petrohyal is part of the hyoid apparatus in some animals but is not found in the human larynx.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is being treated for a pulmonary embolism and the medical nurse is aware that the patient suffered an acute disturbance in pulmonary perfusion. This involved an alteration in what aspect of normal physiology?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adequate flow of blood through the pulmonary circulation. In a pulmonary embolism, there is a blockage in the pulmonary artery, leading to decreased blood flow to the lungs. This disrupts normal pulmonary perfusion, affecting the oxygenation of blood. The other choices are incorrect because A refers to alveolar function, B relates to respiratory muscle function, and C involves acid-base balance in the blood vessels, none of which directly address the alteration in blood flow seen in a pulmonary embolism.
Question 5 of 5
Activated c3b to the cell wall of an infected cell or pathogen is the end-result of which of the following pathway(s)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because all three pathways (classical, lectin, and alternative) converge at the point of C3 activation, leading to the formation of C3b that binds to the cell wall of an infected cell or pathogen. In the classical pathway, C3 is activated by C4b2a complex; in the lectin pathway, it is activated by mannose-binding lectin-associated serine proteases; and in the alternative pathway, it is activated by spontaneous hydrolysis of C3. Therefore, the end result of all three pathways is the activation of C3 and subsequent binding of C3b to the cell wall. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because each pathway alone does not lead to the activation of C3b and binding to the cell wall; it is the combined action of all three pathways that achieves this end result.