A nurse approaches a hospitalized poststroke patient from the patient's left side to do an assessment. The patient is staring straight ahead, and does not respond to the nurse's presence or voice. Which action should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The nurse should walk to the other side of the bed and approach the patient from the right side. Poststroke patients may have neglect syndrome, which can cause them to ignore stimuli on one side of their body. By approaching from the neglected side (the right side in this case), the nurse may be able to better capture the patient's attention and engage them in the assessment process. It is essential to adapt care to accommodate the patient's condition and ensure effective communication and interaction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Anticholinesterase drugs, such as pyridostigmine, are the primary treatment for myasthenia gravis. These drugs work by preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that is essential for muscle contractions. By increasing the levels of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, anticholinesterase drugs help improve muscle strength and function in individuals with myasthenia gravis. Adrenergic drugs, anticholinergic drugs, and beta-blocker drugs are not typically used to treat the symptoms of muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Keeping the extremities at a neutral position for a client with a neurologic disorder can help reduce hemostasis and decrease the potential for thrombophlebitis. This positioning helps maintain proper blood flow and prevents excessive pressure on the veins, which can lead to blood clots. Removing and reapplying elastic stockings, changing the client's position, and using a flotation mattress may have their own benefits, but in this case, keeping the extremities at a neutral position is the most direct and effective intervention to address the issue of hemostasis and thrombophlebitis for a client with a neurologic disorder.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Maintaining strict aseptic technique during thoracentesis is the most crucial nursing intervention. Thoracentesis is a procedure where a needle is inserted into the pleural space to obtain a sample of fluid for diagnostic purposes or to drain excess fluid for therapeutic relief. It is essential to prevent the introduction of pathogens or contaminants into the pleural space, as this can lead to serious complications such as infection. By following strict aseptic technique, the risk of complications can be minimized, ensuring the safety and well-being of the patient undergoing the procedure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: As people age, changes in the lens of the eye can lead to difficulty focusing on close objects, a condition known as presbyopia. Suggesting the use of glasses or contact lenses can help older clients compensate for these age-related lens changes and improve their visual acuity for tasks such as reading or other close-up activities. Glasses or contact lenses prescribed by an eye care professional can provide the appropriate magnification needed to address the visual changes associated with aging, promoting comfort and maintaining independence for older clients.